As hunter-gatherers, humans used their sense of smell to identify plants and animals, find way within a foraging area, or distinguish each other by gender, age, kinship, social dominance. Because women gathered while men hunted, the sexes evolved different sensitivities plant animal odors. They also ended up emitting Male odors served intimidate rival males assert With rise farming sedentism, n...

PURPOSE To evaluate brain activity associated with sexual arousal, fully conscious male marmoset monkeys were imaged during presentation of odors that naturally elicit high levels of sexual activity and sexual motivation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male monkeys were lightly anesthetized, secured in a head and body restrainer with a built-in birdcage resonator and positioned in a 9.4-Tesla spectrome...

Although people are poor at naming odors, naming a smell helps to remember that odor. Previous studies show wine experts have better memory for smells, and they also name wine and wine-related smells differently than novices. This leads us to ask whether wine experts’ odor memory is verbally mediated? In addition, does the odor memory advantage that experts have over novices generalize to all o...

BACKGROUND Successful cooperation depends on reliable identification of friends and foes. Social insects discriminate colony members (nestmates/friends) from foreign workers (non-nestmates/foes) by colony-specific, multi-component colony odors. Traditionally, complex processing in the brain has been regarded as crucial for colony recognition. Odor information is represented as spatial patterns ...

Previous research has shown that odorants consistently evoke associations with textures and their tactile properties like smoothness and roughness. Also, it has been observed that olfaction can modulate tactile perception. We therefore hypothesized that tactile roughness perception may be biased towards the somatosensory connotation of an ambient odorant. We performed two experiments to test th...

halitosis is an oral health condition characterized by unpleasant odors emanating constantly from oral cavity. almost 22-50% of the population experiences such a condition during lifespan and about half of them suffer from personal discomfort and social embarrassment. based on the literature survey, it seems that the oral cavity is the most important origin of halitosis; therefore, this area co...

Some short-chain fatty acids with a pungent or unpleasant odor are important components of human body odor. These malodors severely threaten health. The antagonists would help to improve perception by affecting the interaction between odors and their receptors. However, traditional detection analysis methods, such as MOS, electrochemical, conductive polymer gas sensors, chromatography-mass spec...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Patients with olfactory dysfunction benefit from repeated exposure to odors, so-called olfactory training (OT). This does not mean occasional smelling but the structured sniffing of a defined set of odors, twice daily, for a period of 4 months or longer. In this prospective study, we investigated whether the effect of OT might increase through the use of more odors and ext...

In the current study participants explored a desktop virtual environment (VE) representing a suburban neighborhood with signs of public disorder (neglect, vandalism, and crime), while being exposed to either room air (control group), or subliminal levels of tar (unpleasant; typically associated with burned or waste material) or freshly cut grass (pleasant; typically associated with natural or f...