INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of health care workers (HCWs) towards universal precautions (UPs) and to look into any associations between knowledge and practice. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was undertaken between August and October 2012, involving 300 HCWs from four national public hospitals in Kabul, Afghanistan. A self-administered questionnaire ...

In this paper we will discuss phonological structure in the light of first language acquisition data obtained in a case study. These data exhibit cluster reduction (henceforth: CR) and compensatory lengthening (henceforth: CL). The main problem here is that for the description and explanation of these different phonological processes, different models seem to be more adequate than others. Worki...

OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of percutaneous injuries (PI) and accidental exposure to patients' blood (AEPB) in surgical residents in Enugu, Nigeria, their awareness of universal precautions (UP), and use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Self-administered semi-structured pre-tested questionnaires were administered to 230 consenting trainee surgeons. RESULTS...

We present sufficient conditions under which effective descent morphisms in a quasivariety of universal algebras are the same as regular epimorphisms and examples for which they are the same as regular epimorphisms satisfying projectivity. 1. Preliminaries A variety is a full subcategory of the category of structures for a first order (one sorted) language, closed under substructures, products ...

Universal grammar(UG) is a list of innate constraints that specify the set of grammars that can be learned by the child during primary language acquisition. UG of the human brain has been shaped by evolution. Evolution requires variation. Hence, we have to postulate and study variation of UG. We investigate evolutionary dynamics and language acquisition in the context of multiple universal gram...

P andemic influenza, by its nature, is a healthcare disaster. Healthcare organizations are the unique reservoirs of the essential knowledge and tools for handling such a pandemic; they have infection-control procedures, universal precautions, and personal protective equipment for virus protection. Because of this, healthcare organizations run the risk of being the scapegoat if this pandemic is ...

Nosocomial transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to haemodialysed patients, strongly suspected in epidemiological studies, has recently been unequivocally demonstrated by molecular virology reports. Potential transmission mechanisms include staff hands, dialysis monitors, and equipment items shared between patients. The respective involvement of each of these vectors in HCV transmission has n...

Editor – I am responding to Adnan Hyder (1), who says that ‘‘community-based health care has been plagued by principles which have become myths’’. It should be pointed out that his principles/myths were not part of Alma-Ata’s message (2, 3) and mostly emerged five years later in the debate which advocated a shift to selective primary health care. An unfortunate polarization between top-down and...

It was proposed that the Calabi-Yau geometry can be intrinsically connected with some new symmetries, some new algebras. In order to do this it has been analyzed the graphs constructed from K3-fibre CYd (d ≥ 3) reflexive polyhedra. The graphs can be naturally get in the frames of Universal Calabi-Yau algebra (UCYA) and may be decode by universal way with the changing of some restrictions on the...

BACKGROUND Needle-stick and sharps injuries carry the risk of infection and are occupational hazards for all health care professionals involved in clinical care. OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and factors contributing to needle-stick injury (NSI) among health care workers of dialysis units in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS Data were obtained by anonymous, self-reporting questionnaire from st...