An n-channel insulated-gate field-effect transistor technology established at IBM Research has served as the basis for further development leading to FET memory. Designs and characteristics of experimental devices of 500 and 1000 A gate insulator thicknesses are presented, with particular attention to the effects of source-drain spacing. Introduction Because the insulated-gate field-effect tran...

The extensive and growing road network in the United States has substantial ecological, economic, and social impacts. In the case of the endangered Florida Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium), nearly 50 percent of the total mortality is attributed to deer-vehicle collisions. Over half of the deer-vehicle collisions occur on U. S. Highway 1, the only highway linking the Keys to the mainlan...

This article critically examines rape scenes in two films of the ‘new extreme cinema’, Gaspar Noé’s Irréversible (2002) and Catherine Breillat’s A ma sœur!/Fat Girl (2001). On the surface, Noé’s disturbing long-take rape scene is clearly designed to foster empathy with the woman’s experience and to induce a physical aversion to rape. However, a deeper examination of the scene’s ambiguous techni...

Flood conditions present dangers for canoe camping, with the highest risk injury or death related to water submersion of paddlers. Other hazards can exist at high stages as well. This essay discusses preparation risks associated travel during record flood in Alabama’s Mobile-Tensaw River Delta. It examines unique aspects paddling through submerged forests, route detours necessitated by flooding...

Transportation networks can be a major impediment to wildlife movements. We assessed the use of underpasses and culverts along newly constructed railway in Kenya's Tsavo National Parks by African elephants (L. africana). collared ten with GPS satellite transmitters within 20 km March 2016 analysed their movement data 2019. Eight used although one did not cross adjacent highway. The remaining tw...

Conservation planning is only as good as the science on which it relies. This paper evaluates the science underlying the least-cost-path model, developed by Meegan and Maehr (2002) , for the Florida panther, Puma concolor coryi. It also assesses the resulting claim that private lands in central Florida are desirable for panther colonization (Maehr et al. 2002a , p. 187; Maehr 2001 , pp. 3–4; Ma...

his paper’s intended contribution, in terms of providing an additional angle in the existing Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) state-of-the-art knowledge spectrum, is a dual one. On the one hand, it provides a detailed description of the mode, re-deining BRT as an overall concept by identifying, discussing, and categorizing in a systematic way its strengths and its weaknesses in comparison with rail-base...