Many studies have investigated how to use focused ultrasound (FUS) to temporarily disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in order to facilitate the delivery of medication into lesion sites in the brain. In this study, through the setup of a real-time system, FUS irradiation and injections of ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) and Gadodiamide (Gd, an MRI contrast agent) can be conducted simultaneous...

The lipid composition of arterial walls changes during development, ageing and pathological processes. Preeclampsia is the most common pregnancy-associated pathological syndrome. It is accompanied by significant remodelling of extracellular matrix both in the umbilical cord vessels and in the surrounding Wharton’s jelly. The lipids of the umbilical cord were not studied till now, therefore it w...

We consider the unrestricted, minimal, and bounded representation problems for unit interval (UIG) and unit circular-arc (UCA) graphs. In the unrestricted version, a proper circular-arc (PCA) modelM is given and the goal is to obtain an equivalent UCA model U . We show a linear time algorithm with negative certification that can also be implemented to run in logspace. In the bounded version,M i...

Aim of the present study was to evaluate by transmission electron microscope (TEM) modifications in rabbit kidney-parenchyma after submission to ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) with Pulse Inversion Harmonic Imaging (PIHI). Seven inbred male albino rabbits were divided into three groups: 1) control group (n = 1 animal); 2) sonicated group (n = 3 animals); 3) sonicated group with UCA injection (C...

This paper presents an analytic algorithm for estimating three-dimensional (3-D) localization of a single source with uniform circular array (UCA) interferometers. Fourier transforms are exploited to expand the phase distribution of a single source and the localization problem is reformulated as an equivalent spectrum manipulation problem. The 3-D parameters are decoupled to different spectrums...

Diagnostic ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) are mainly indicated to enhance endocardial border delineation in patients with technically difficult echocardiographic examinations1. They have proven to increase the accuracy and reproducibility of regional and global left ventricular (LV) function assessment at rest2-4 and during stress5,6. UCA are also used for qualitative or quantitative determin...

Mutual coupling between antenna array elements will significantly degrade the performance of signal processing methods. Due to Toeplitz structure mutual matrix (MCM), there exist some calibration algorithms for uniform linear (ULA) or circular (UCA). But few methods other arrays. In this letter, we derive a new transformation formula MCM 7-elements hexagonal (HA-7). Further, extend two auto-cal...

Theory predicts that territory owners will help established neighbours to repel intruders, when doing so is less costly than renegotiating boundaries with successful usurpers of neighbouring territories. Here, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, cooperative territory defence between heterospecific male neighbours in the fiddler crabs Uca elegans and Uca mjoebergi. We show experimental...

Three species of crabs new to Penghu County, Taiwan are reported. Nanhaipotamon formosanum (Parisi, 1916) was found on the bank of a river in Husi Village and is the first report of a true freshwater crab from Penghu. In the same locality, Eriocheir japonica De Haan, 1835 lives in a river which implies Penghu may have played a role as a "stepping stone" for this species during the dispersal bet...

The reproductive behavior of Uca spp. has been extensively studied, especially the relationships between the dimorphically enlarged male claw and reproductive success. In contrast, little is known about the apparent congregations of adult males in marsh areas lacking vegetative cover where they engage in behaviors thought to attract mates. Similar congregations and displays in avian and mammali...