Ecological studies of suicide and self-harm have established the importance of area variables (e.g., deprivation, social fragmentation) in explaining variations in suicide risk. However, there are likely to be unobserved influences on risk, typically spatially clustered, which can be modeled as random effects. Regression impacts may be biased if no account is taken of spatially structured influ...

We show that superlattices based on zero-gap semiconductors such as graphene and mercury telluride exhibit characteristic Bloch–Zener oscillations that emerge from the coherent superposition of Bloch oscillations and multiple Zener tunneling between the electron and hole branch. We demonstrate this mechanism by means of wave packet dynamics in various spatially periodically modulated nanoribbon...

being very dynamic, natural and artificial land features are changing somewhat rapidly in over lifetime. it is important that such changes be inventoried accurately so that the physical and human processes at work can be more fully understood. change detection is a technique used in remote sensing to determine the changes in a particular object of study between two or more time periods. this re...

Recent fully nonlinear, kinetic three-dimensional simulations of magnetic reconnection [W. Daughton et al., Nat. Phys. 7, 539 (2011)] evolve structures and exhibit dynamics on multiple scales, in a manner reminiscent of turbulence. These simulations of reconnection are among the first to be performed at sufficient spatiotemporal resolution to allow formal quantitative analysis of statistical sc...

Neurons are amongst the most structurally complex cells and exhibit a high degree of spatial compartmentalization. Also, neurons exhibit rapid and dynamic signaling by processing information in a precise and, sometimes, spatially-restricted manner. The signaling that occurs in axons and dendrites necessitates the maintenance and modification of their local proteomes. Local translation of mRNAs ...

Remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) shows promise for monitoring the productivity global agricultural systems. SIF-based primary metrics have demonstrated higher fidelity to large-scale patterns crop than reflectance-based vegetation indices when averaged across growing season. In-season yield forecasting typically relies upon indices, raising question whether in-seas...

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) has been used to investigate the photophysical characteristics of first- to fourth-generation (G1 to G4) light-harvesting dendrimer thin films containing coumarin-343 and coumarin-2 as the core and peripheral chromophores, respectively. Thin film photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibit a significant red shift in the lower generations (G1, G2, and G3)...