BACKGROUND The knowledge, attitude of physicians about any interventions has effect on the practices while the perceptions about such intervention by caregivers have impact on the acceptance in community. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of physicians and perception of the caregivers about new vaccines, and to identify the solutions to address the knowl...

In a previous number of this Journal t the writer published an article "Upon the Presence of the Typhoid Bacillus in the Urine," and, as the result of observations upon 38 cases of typhoid fever, drew the following conclusions: (1) Typhoid bacilli were demonstrated in 9 out of the 38 cases (about 25 per cent). (2) The bacilli, when demonstrated, were always present in large numbers, and in prac...

INTRODUCTION There is an urgent need for affordable point-of-care diagnostics for the differentiation of febrile illnesses and the confirmation of typhoid in endemic countries. METHODOLOGY Blood samples were collected from febrile patients with clinical suspicion of typhoid and screened for typhoid fever using the Widal and Typhi Dri Dot tests, while stool and blood samples were screened for ...

Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Salmonella enterica serovars Paratyphi A, B, and C cause the clinically similar condition, paratyphoid fever. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are collectively referred to as enteric fevers. In most endemic areas, approximately 90% of enteric fever is typhoid. Typhoid is transmitted by the feca...

The diagnostic value of an acute-phase single-tube Widal test for suspected typhoid fever was evaluated with 2,000 Vietnamese patients admitted to an infectious disease referral hospital between 1993 and 1998. Test patients had suspected typhoid fever and a blood culture positive for Salmonella typhi (n= 1,400) or Salmonella paratyphi A (n = 45). Control patients had a febrile illness for which...

Malaria and Typhoid remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Various factors predispose the co infection of typhoid and Malaria. This study was planned to determine the actual number of cases suffering from typhoid malaria co-infection in our set-up and also to evaluate the efficacy of various tests for diagnosis of typhoid malaria co-infection in febrile patients in New Del...

We have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can identify 100% of patients with blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Bangladesh. In order to define immunodominant proteins within the S. Typhi m...

447 VOLUME 47__MAY 17, 2010 I refer to the article “Vi conjugate Typhoid Vaccine” written by Garg SP(1) on behalf of the manufacturer of Peda TyphTM in response to my previous article on the same subject(2). The author states that “this novel vaccine has been found to be safe and effective in inducing very high levels of immune response (>90%) in infants, young children and adults”, and goes fu...

While it is commonly believed that recovery from typhoid fever confers a fairly solid immunity, the older literature contains a number of reports of second attacks (1). Generally speaking, the second attack rate has been reported to range from 1 to 4 per cent, a figure compatible with (although by no means proving) the assumption that recovery leads to immunity. However, there are significantly...