Nowadays deep excavations are needed for construction of foundation of high rise buildings, providing space for parking and etc. In some cases deep excavations may be constructed in the vicinity of the subway tunnels and causes unpredicted extra displacements and internal forces in tunnel lining of tunnels which were not designed for them and consequently affect serviceability of tunnel. Theref...

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a highland legume having potential for soil conservation. Upscaling cultivation requires initial inquiry on its growth and yield. In this research, we have investigated bean’s yield in different location (high tunnel open field) under population density (1, 2, 3 plants per pot). We found that interaction between has significant effect number of leaves, shoot fresh w...

the effect of underground cavities in site seismic response was studied over the subway tunnels that are under construction in the city of karaj, using ambient noise measurements as well as numerical modeling. the idea for this research comes from the observation of differences in experimental site transfer function, calculated on more than 100 locations of the city, for the areas near the unde...

Let K be a knot with an unknotting tunnel γ and suppose that K is not a 2-bridge knot. There is an invariant ρ = p/q ∈ Q/2Z, p odd, defined for the pair (K, γ). The invariant ρ has interesting geometric properties: It is often straightforward to calculate; e. g. for K a torus knot and γ an annulus-spanning arc, ρ(K, γ) = 1. Although ρ is defined abstractly, it is naturally revealed when K ∪ γ i...

The lining structure of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) excavated tunnels is composed of series of precast Reinforced Concrete (RC) pieces which are called segment. At the present paper, a novel method is introduced for seismic retrofitting of segmental tunnels located at active fault zones in rock environment with case study of Amirkabir dam to Tehran water transfer tunnel (Karadj tunnel). The mai...

By sealing the portal at one end of tunnel and changing transverse location linear fire source in tunnel, hot smoke layer, longitudinal temperature distribution maximum were investigated. It is found that flame will bend under influence curved ceiling layer be thicker when approaches to side wall. The variation law heat release rate analyzed by considering limiting effect wall thermal feedback....

This study studied the most important problems that may be exposed to Al-Askarian underpass in province of Najaf. The length tunnel is 507 m. It divided into two parts according number test pits, and each part 17 depending on locations joints tunnel. During construction process, problem height-water level appeared at site, so four wells were drilled control groundwater level. highest was record...

abstract   background: the pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with increased intracarpal canal pressure. recently, palmaris longus has been introduced as an independent risk factor for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. the purpose of this study was to assess the association of carpal tunnel syndrome with the presence of palmaris longus tendon and functional superfi...