All mitochondrial tRNAs in Leishmania tarentolae are encoded in the nuclear genome and imported into the mitochondrion from the cytosol. One imported tRNA (tRNA(Trp)) is edited by a C to U modification at the first position of the anticodon. To determine the in vivo substrates for mitochondrial tRNA importation as well as tRNA editing, we examined the subcellular localization and extent of 5'- ...

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. In general, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase assays require stoichiometric amounts of tRNA, which limits their sensitivity while increasing their cost. This requirement for stoichiometric amounts of tRNA can be alleviated if the aminoacyl-tRNA product is cleaved following the tRNA aminoacylation reaction, regener...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uses tRNA 3 Lys as a primer for reverse transcription and, during viral assembly, this tRNA is selectively packaged into the virus along with the other major tRNA Lys , tRNA 1,2 Lys. Increasing the cytoplasmic concentration of tRNA 3 Lys through transfection of cells with a plasmid containing both HIV-1 proviral DNA and a tRNA 3 Lys gene results in a ...

Transfer RNAs play a crucial role in protein translation where they bring amino acids to the ribosome be incorporated into nascent polypeptide chains. During stress conditions tRNAs can cleaved generate tRNA-derived fragments. Several ribonucleases have been identified that cleave tRNA, however mutations stress-induced ribonuclease Angiogenin range of neurological disorders including Amyotrophi...

Studies on translation frequently require large amounts of purified individual tRNAs. However, few purified tRNAs are commercially available. Individual tRNAs can be easily produced by in vitro transcription, but the lack of modifications of the tRNA transcripts may influence or impair their function [1,2]. The purification of specific tRNAs from total tRNA is a laborious process that requires ...

Phenotypically, Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and P. damselae subsp. damselae are easily distinguished. However, their 16S rRNA gene sequences are identical, and attempts to discriminate these two subspecies by molecular tools are hampered by their high level of DNA-DNA similarity. The 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) were sequenced in two strains of Photobacterium dam...

PreQ1 (2) is a precursor of queuine (1) that in eubacteria incorporated into transfer RNA (tRNA) by tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) before being further elaborated queuine. The modification unusual and occurs across all eukaryotes with few exceptions, but its function remains unclear. As the modified nucleotide through incorporation specially synthesized instead via genetically encoded base...

The Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex is a morphologically and genetically diverse group of whitefish. Its taxonomic structure has been controversial for almost century. At least 25 forms C. have described in Siberia, but there still no consensus on their intraspecific taxonomy. pidschian (Gmelin, 1789) was as subspecies lavaretus. Recently, it assumed that this also complex. purpose...