T raffic impact analysis is a common tool for assessing traffic access needs in the vicinity of new and expanding development sites. Considerable attention has been given in recent years to the development and refinement of procedures and data bases to support these analyses. It has been recognized for some time that shopping centers and several other convenience-oriented land-use types (e.g., ...

In choosing appropriate buffer sizes to study environmental influences on physical activity, studies are hampered by insufficient insight into the distance elderly travel actively. This study aims at getting insight into the number of trips walked and cycled within various buffer sizes using GPS measures. Data were obtained from the Elderly And their Neighborhood study (Spijkenisse, the Netherl...

BACKGROUND New transport infrastructure may promote a shift towards active travel, thereby improving population health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a major transport infrastructure project on commuters' mode of travel, trip frequency and distance travelled to work. METHODS Quasi-experimental analysis nested within a cohort study of 470 adults working in Cambridge,...

Taxi trajectories reflect human mobility over a road network. Pick-up and drop-off locations in different time periods represent origins and destinations of trips, respectively, demonstrating the spatiotemporal characteristics of human behavior. Each trip can be viewed as a displacement in the random walk model, and the distribution of extracted trips shows a distance decay effect. To identify ...

Cycling confers transport, health and environmental benefits, and bicycle sharing systems are an increasingly popular means of promoting urban cycling. Following the launch of the London bicycle sharing system (LBSS) in 2010, women and residents of deprived areas were under-represented among initial users. This paper examines how the profile of users has changed across the scheme’s first three ...

The bus vehicle scheduling problem addresses the task of assigning vehicles to cover the trips in a timetable. In this paper, a clonal selection algorithm based vehicle scheduling approach is proposed to quickly generate satisfactory solutions for large-scale bus scheduling problems. Firstly, a set of vehicle blocks (consecutive trips by one bus) is generated based on the maximal wait time betw...

121 Trans. marit. sci. 2016; 02: 121-129 Traditional travel survey methods have been widely used for collecting information about urban mobility although Global Position System (GPS) has become an automatic option for collecting more precise data of the households since mid-1990s. Many studies on mobility patterns have focused on the GPS advantages leaving aside its issues such as the quality o...

BACKGROUND Automobile exhaust contains precursors to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5), posing health risks. Dependency on car commuting also reduces physical fitness opportunities. OBJECTIVE In this study we sought to quantify benefits from reducing automobile usage for short urban and suburban trips. METHODS We simulated census-tract level chan...

BACKGROUND Establishing patterns of movements of free-ranging animals in marine ecosystems is crucial for a better understanding of their feeding ecology, life history traits and conservation. As central place foragers, the habitat use of nesting seabirds is heavily influenced by the resources available within their foraging range. We tested the prediction that during years with lower resource ...

INTRODUCTION Falling is a frequent cause of serious injury in the older adult population and trips are a dominant cause of falls. Although there are few laboratory protocols that induce actual trips, there are many studies that utilize surrogate tasks. Performance of surrogate tasks require similar biomechanical characteristic stepping responses, but unlike a trip, these tasks do not involve an...