background: esophageal cancer is the sixth cause of death in the world, there was a lack of population‑based information on the trend and incidence rate of esophagus cancer, so this study aimed to determine the incidence and pathological changes of esophagus cancer in iran. methods: in this study, data were extracted from annual cancer registry reports of iranian ministry of health between 2003...

study of groundwater quality trend in any region is very important from the view of scheduling and sustainable water resources management. in the present study trend analysis conducted on groundwater quality based on information of 32 piezometeric stations located in the ardabil plain from 1993 to 2008 using the non-parametric spearman test. hydrogeochemical variables studied here are total ani...

1. introduction glaciers and snow covers in the mountains play an important role in the water budget of many areas of the world (ramage and isacks, 2003). in high altitudes and mountainous regions, snowmelt is a great contributor to the yearly runoff. the snow melt supplies 1/6 of people's needed water but due to global warming these glaciers may be at risk (barnett, et al. 2005). for the regio...

 Background: Every year more than 2 million people depart from Iran to Saudi Arabia for Hajj ritual which can be faced with some different diseases. There are not much information about frequencies and trend of diseases in Hajj. The main objective of this study was to determine the trend of prevalent diseases during five consecutive Hajj rituals among Iranian pilgrims. Methods: We est...

Much information available on the web is copied, reused or rephrased. The phenomenon that multiple web sources pick up certain information is often called trend. A central problem in the context of web data mining is to detect those web sources that are first to publish information which will give rise to a trend. We present a simple and efficient method for finding trends dominating a pool of ...

Currently WWW is the first solution for scholars in finding information. But, analyzing and interpreting this volume of information will lead to researchers overload in pursuing their research. Trend detection in scientific publication retrieval systems helps scholars to find relevant, new and popular special areas by visualizing the trend of input topic. However, there are few researches on tr...

This paper considers the problem of portfolio selection and adjustment for target benefit plans (TBP) with longevity trends partial information. The are modeled by a time-varying force function. financial market consists risk-free assets stocks, in which return rate stocks is stochastic process cannot be completely observed. adopts mean-variance utility model as an optimization criterion. aim t...