background: the control of leishmaniasis, a tropical neglected disease, has been concern of iranian health authori­ties due to the increasing number of cases during the last two decades. the objective of this study was to determine del­tamethrine residue on the impregnated bed nets using hptlc technique in a leishmaniasis control program in iran. methods: during this experimental study, a total...

The main objective of this study was to assess insecticide contamination in Anopheles breeding habitats in urban residential areas and pyrethroid susceptibility status of mosquitoes found in the habitats. A larval survey was conducted in Akim Oda between July and October 2016. The larvae that were reared to adult were used for susceptibility test against four different pyrethroid insecticides (...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES In Odisha State, the control of malaria vectors has become dependent on synthetic pyrethroids, which are used for treatment of all approved long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). The vast use of just one class of insecticide has led to the problem of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors. One of the major malaria vectors in Odisha State is Anopheles culicifacies...

The extensive use of chemical pesticides for pest management in agricultural systems can entail risks to the complex ecosystems consisting of economic, ecological and social subsystems. To analyze the negative and positive effects of external or internal disturbances on complex ecosystems, we proposed an ecological two-sidedness approach which has been applied to the design of pest-controlling ...

We summarize the economic importance, biology, and management of soft scales, focusing on pests of agricultural, horticultural, and silvicultural crops in outdoor production systems and urban landscapes. We also provide summaries on voltinism, crawler emergence timing, and predictive models for crawler emergence to assist in developing soft scale management programs. Phloem-feeding soft scale p...

Cerotoma trifurcata Förster (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Bean pod mottle virus (Comoviridae) (BPMV) both can reduce yield and seed quality of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of systemic, seed-applied, and foliar-applied insecticides for the management of this pest complex at three locations in central, northeastern, and northwestern Io...

Best agricultural practices advocate the use of selective insecticides, but the practicalities of applying novel technologies can be unclear. The aim of this review is to synthesize the existing literature on novel and selective insecticides that are appropriate for use in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes, in tandem with biological control agents or as a more sustainable form of conv...

OBJECTIVE Evaluating the efficacy of two pyrethroid insecticides on Aedes aegypti, thereby providing useful information for decision-making in controlling dengue. METHODS The effect on A. aegypti of ultra low volume (ULV) highcis-Permethrin (Depe) and ss-cypermethrin pyrethroids in a smoke-generating formulation (Bolate) was evaluated in 16 blocks in the town of Puerto Leguizamo, Putumayo, be...

During long time pest control was associated only to insecticides. The formulations were produced as an attempt of improving the insect control. However, some undesirable effects emerged in this time, mainly the toxin action and resistance. Insecticides are substances produced from chemical or biological products to control insect pests. The most common mode of action for insecticides is to kil...

The negative impacts of pesticides, in particular insecticides, on bees and other pollinators have never been disputed. Insecticides can directly kill these vital insects, whereas herbicides reduce the diversity of their food resources, thus indirectly affecting their survival and reproduction. At sub-lethal level (<LD50), neurotoxic insecticide molecules are known to influence the cognitive ab...