[Formula: see text]/NH3fluxes were used to probe apical Na-K-2Cl transport activity of macula densa (MD) cells from rabbit kidney. In the presence of 25 mM NaCl and 5 mM Ba2+, addition of 20 mM[Formula: see text] to the lumen produced a profound intracellular acidification, and ∼80% of the initial acidification rate was bumetanide sensitive. The[Formula: see text]-induced acidification rate was...

We consider a nonsymmetric algebraic matrix Riccati equation arising from transport theory. The nonnegative solutions of the equation can be explicitly constructed via the inversion formula of a Cauchy matrix. An error analysis and numerical results are given. We also show a comparison theorem of the nonnegative solutions.

In contrast to terrestrial animals most aquatic species can be characterized by relatively higher blood [Formula: see text] concentrations despite its potential toxicity to the central nervous system. Although many aquatic species excrete [Formula: see text] via specialized epithelia little information is available regarding the mechanistic basis for NH3/[Formula: see text] homeostasis in mollu...

We introduce a mathematical setup for charge transport in quantum pumps connected to a number of external leads. It is proved that under rather general assumption on the Hamiltonian describing the system, in the adiabatic limit, the current through the pump is given by a formula of Büttiker, Prêtre, and Thomas, relating it to the frozen S-matrix and its time derivative.

This Coastal and Hydraulic Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) summarizes the state of understanding of the influence of grain size on surf zone sediment transport and is a companion to Smith et al. (2004). This CHETN discusses details of bed-load and suspended load transport, and the classical bed-load regime is shown to encompass two distinct modes of transport. Four LST models with varying le...

Investigating the fate of dissolved carbon dioxide under extreme conditions is critical to understanding the deep carbon cycle in Earth, a process that ultimately influences global climate change. We used first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to study carbonates and carbon dioxide dissolved in water at pressures (P) and temperatures (T) approximating the conditions of Earth's upper ma...

Introduction Glucose-Galactose Malabsorption (GGM) is an autosomal recessive and rare disorder of intestinal transport of glucose and sodium-glucose cotransporter type (SGLT1). Case Report Our patient is a 32-day-old boy who was examined for severe diarrhea and acidosis and was treated with GGMdiagnosis. A number of laboratory tests were performed on this patient as well as positive test for r...

This paper shows that a well designed transport system has an embedded exchange value by serving as a market for potential exchange between consumers. Under suitable conditions, one can improve the welfare of consumers in the system simply by allowing some exchange of goods between consumers during transportation without incurring additional transportation cost. We propose an explicit valuation...

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the effective solutions in the field of waste management in municipalities. The statistical population in this survey –based study consisted of the citizens that lived in Orumiyeh city in West Azerbaijan Province. By using Cochran formula, sample size was estimated to include 180 people. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The reliability ...

Active Na+ transport by the alveolar epithelium keeps alveoli relatively dry. Hyperoxia increases epithelial permeability, resulting in pulmonary edema. We sought to determine whether active Na+ resorption from the air spaces and Na-K-ATPase activity increased in rats exposed to >95% O2 for 60 h. The permeability × surface area products for unidirectional resorption of alveolar [14C]sucrose ( P...