We study real-time routing policies in smart transit systems, where the platform has a combination of cars and high-capacity vehicles (e.g., buses or shuttles) seeks to serve set incoming trip requests. The can use its fleet as feeder connect passengers fleet, which operates on fixed routes. Our goal is find optimal (bus) routes corresponding frequencies maximize social welfare system given tim...

Transit services are currently facing several challenges in the United States and around the world. For many reasons, among which the fluctuations in gas prices and the state of the economy are the major ones, transit demand has noticed a considerable increase. The challenge that transit agencies are facing is to make these increases permanent by maintaining transit’s competitive edge over the ...

TO THE EDITOR: We read with great interest the review article entitled " How to interpret a functional or motility test: colon transit study " by Kim et al. 1 The authors reviewed colonic transit study using radio-opaque markers, scintigraphy and wireless mo-tility capsule in evaluation of colonic motility. 1 They described the method and criteria to differentiate between slow and normal transi...

BACKGROUND Constipation is a common problem in childhood, and various radiologic methods have been advocated for investigation. Colonic transit time (CTT) has been used in adults to investigate colonic motility, but few studies evaluate this method in children. Data on CTT in the normal paediatric population are scarce. METHODS The colonic transit time was measured in 22 healthy children (med...

Smooth muscle degeneration may occur in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We measured fasting orocaecal transit time in patients with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other muscular dystrophies and in healthy controls. No significant differences were found. In contrast to reports of gastric hypomotility in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, we found no evidence of impaired small intestinal motility.

Five warfare spinal cord injured patients with intractable constipation are described. Treatment with cisapride (4 x 10 mg daily) was undertaken. The agent cisapride significantly reduced the oral-anal transit time from 25.2 days to 14.4 days. It also improved other subjective complaints of these patients markedly. No side effects were seen during the trial.

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have become common in public transit systems, particularly providing real-time transit information. For new implementations, it remains difficult to predict and quantify system and user benefits of technology implementation. Although previous studies have quantified the operational benefits of real-time transit traveler information systems, a gap in know...