The interactions between the IGP and BGP routing protocols which are running inside an ISP’s network are sometimes hard to understand. The problem becomes particularly complex when there are dozens of routers/links and several thousands of destination prefixes. In this paper, we present a publicly available routing solver to evaluate routing what-if scenarios. The solver is able to model the co...

Since transfers increase the connectivity of routes, they improve characteristics transit networks. Designing and managing are well-investigated issues arising at tactical operational level. Conversely, monitoring phase was rarely faced to verify consistency between well planned and/or delivered transfers. In this paper, we tailor an innovative methodology for measuring rate two routes by using...

Routing is considered to be one the most challenging problems in mobile ad hoc networks. It has been shown that the use of virtual coordinates or identifiers for efficient routing and data management has several advantages compared to classical topology control techniques based on pre-defined addresses or geographical coordinates. However, these advantages only hold for single domain networks w...

In metropolitan cities an efficient integrated public transportation system is unavoidable in order to restrict unsustainable growth of private and intermediate transport modes. Well designed feeder routes and coordinated schedules to minimize transfer time from main transit to feeder buses play an important role. Past literature reveals that heuristic approach had been popular for design of ro...

We consider the common problem of calculating routes from a starting point to a destination through a given space. This process typically involves discretizing the navigational space into a graph of intermediate waypoints linked together through transitions. A search for a solution that fits desired criteria can then be performed. Typical criteria include: minimum distance, minimum transit time...

As nuclear families have become increasingly less stable over the past quarter century, married couples have been faced with the difficult task of negotiating the terms by which marriage is ended. For parents, divorce involves questions revolving around the care and sustenance of children. In this paper we investigate whether observed divorce settlements indicate that parents make trade-offs in...

This Essay proceeds in four steps. Part I summarizes the quantitative evidence on the pattern of escalation and outcomes of more than 600 GATT/WTO disputes from 1948 through 1999. Part II elaborates on our theory of settlement bargaining within the context of an institution lacking enforcement power and shows how the hypotheses are consistent with the evidence introduced earlier. Part III discu...

Introduction: Renal dynamic study is a well-established and popular test in routine practice of nuclear medicine. The test is non-invasive, rapid and unique in evaluation of the kidney function. In despite of its clinical values, the parameters derived from renogram are physiologically meaningless. That is due to the fact that renogram is not the true kidney function. From mathematical po...

GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification) is a standard of Google for public transportation schedules. The specification describes stops, routes, dates, trips, etc. one or more company city country. Examining feed it can be considered as graph. In addition in the last decades new database management systems was born order to support big data era and/or help write program codes. Their collective...