CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful genome editing tool in many organisms, including a number of monocots and dicots. Although the design and application of CRISPR/Cas9 is simpler compared to other nuclease-based genome editing tools, optimization requires the consideration of the DNA delivery and tissue regeneration methods for a particular species to achieve accuracy and efficiency. Here, we describe a...

Galactomannan biosynthesis in legume seed endosperms involves two Golgi membrane-bound glycosyltransferases, mannan synthase and galactomannan galactosyltransferase (GMGT). GMGT specificity is an important factor regulating the distribution and amount of (1-->6)-alpha-galactose (Gal) substitution of the (1-->4)-beta-linked mannan backbone. The model legume Lotus japonicus is shown now to have e...

Transgenic mice of an inbred black strain were previously produced with the Tyr-SV40E transgene, comprising simian virus 40 transforming sequences driven by the tyrosinase promoter, in order to obtain melanomas; the animals were found to be lighter than normal in coat color, to various degrees. As described here, hypopigmentation resulted from diminished differentiation of melanized pigment gra...

A new binary vector for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation was constructed, in which two selectable markers, for kanamycin and hygromycin resistance, were placed next to the right and left T-DNA borders, respectively, and a CaMV 35S promoter-driven ~glucuronidase (GUS) gene was placed between these markers as a reporter gene (transgene). Using double antibiotic selection, all transgeni...

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the opinion of islamic jurists are different on the subject off inheritance of diya'(blood money). on the other hand, the matter of inheritance of diya' has important legal effects from the viewpoint of tort law and general theory of obligations. these are the main questions: who are the heirs of diya'? does homicide by error, like murder, is an impediment to inheritance of diya&...

Wheat cultivation makes an important contribution to human nutrition. Trehalose synthesis plays a role in the tolerance drought stress. A bifunctional TPS-TPP enzyme gene from yeast was used obtain transgenic wheat plants increase trehalose synthesis. Mature embryos were transformed using pGreen rd29A::TPS1-TPS2 or 35S::TPS1-TPS2 constructs. The transgene presence mature leaves of T3 confirmed ...

Background: PhiC31 integrase system provides a new platform in various felid of research, mainly in gene therapy and creation of transgenic animals. This system enables integration of exogenous DNA into preferred locations in mammalian genomes, which results in robust, long-term expression of the integrated transgene. Objectives: Identification of a novel pseudo attP site. Materials and Methods...

Transgenic mice and cell lines are frequently developed to study human disease. Accurate determination of transgene copy number and levels of mRNA are necessary to understand the phenotypic changes observed in these models. Currently, transgene copy number and expression are estimated by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA and Northern blot analysis of mRNA. We report a novel PCR-based method...