Transformers are normally designed and built for use at rated frequency and perfect sinusoidal load current. A non-linear load on a transformer leads to harmonic power losses which cause increased operational costs and additional heating in power system components. It leads to higher losses, early fatigue of insulation, premature failure and reduction of the useful life of the transformer. To p...

An audio transformer is used in a guitar amplifier to match the impedances of the power amplifier and a loudspeaker. It is important to understand the influence of the audio transformer on the overall sound quality for realistic tube amplifier emulation. This paper proposes to simulate the audio transformer using a wave digital filter model, which is based on the gyrator-capacitor analogy. The ...

Overvoltage distribution along the transformer winding must be uniform to certify the safety of the operation of the power transformer. Influence of the parameters variation on the impulse voltage distribution (IVD) in disk winding transformer is going to be analyzed which hasn’t been analyzed on this type of winding in the previous papers. In this research, a transformer with disk winding and ...

Reliability of a power system is considerably influenced by its equipments. Power transformers are one of the most critical and expensive equipments of a power system and their proper functions are vital for the substations and utilities. Therefore, reliability model of power transformer is very important in the risk assessment of the engineering systems. This model shows the characteristic...

Purpose Perception has been identified as the main cause underlying most autonomous vehicle related accidents. As key technology in perception, deep learning (DL) based computer vision models are generally considered to be black boxes due poor interpretability. These have exacerbated user distrust and further forestalled their widespread deployment practical usage. This paper aims develop expla...

Software debugging is the activity of locating and correcting erroneous statements in programs. Automated tools to locate and correct the erroneous statements in a program can significantly reduce the cost of software development. In this paper, we present a new approach to locate and correct an erroneous statement in a function. We assume the correct specification of the erroneous function is ...

The National Bureau of Standards has certified Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in hydrocarbon matrices (transformer and motor oils). The certification of these SRMs involved measurements of extremely small concentrations of PCBs made by gas chromatography. Despite the high accuracy of the measurement techmique, the correlated data ca...

A bond graph model of an electrical transformer including the nonlinear saturation is presented. A nonlinear observer for the transformer based on multivariable circle criterion in the physical domain is proposed. In order to show the saturation and hysteresis effects on the electrical transformer, simulation results are obtained. Finally, the paper describes that convergence of the estimates t...