We have developed the first red fluorescent protein, named rsTagRFP, which possesses reversibly photoswitchable absorbance spectra. Illumination with blue and yellow light switches rsTagRFP into a red fluorescent state (ON state) or nonfluorescent state (OFF state), respectively. The ON and OFF states exhibit absorbance maxima at 567 and 440 nm, respectively. Due to the photoswitchable absorban...

In this paper, by the use of the weight coefficients, the transfer formula and the technique of real analysis, an extended multidimensional Hardy-Hilbert-type inequality with a general homogeneous kernel and a best possible constant factor is given. Moreover, the equivalent forms, the operator expressions and a few examples are considered.

Detecting receptor dimerisation and other forms of clustering on the cell surface depends on methods capable of determining protein-protein separations with high resolution in the ~10-50 nm range. However, this distance range poses a significant challenge because it is too large for fluorescence resonance energy transfer and contains distances too small for all other techniques capable of high-...

The thermo-hydraulic behavior of the air flow over a two dimensional ribbed channel wasnumerically investigated in various rib-width ratio configurations (B/H=0.5-1.75) atdifferent Reynolds numbers, ranging from 6000 to 18000. The capability of differentturbulence models, including standard k-ε, RNG k-ε, standard k-ω, and SST k-ω, inpredicting the heat transfer rate was compared with the experi...

Sir, Grennan et al.1 recently reported in 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (5 with respiratory symptoms), a restrictive ventilatory defect or reduction in diffusing capacity for CO. Their paper is interesting but we should like to make a few comments: (a) Only 3 tests of lung function were employed: VC, FEVi%/FVC, and transfer factor. (b) Most patients were receiving corticosteroid...

Anomalies in the ratio of transfer factor to effective alveolar volume as an indicator of pulmonary gas exchange in cases of asbestosis may be related to diffuse pleural thickening. To examine the effect of pleural disease on gas transfer the plain chest radiographs of patients with asbestosis were assessed by two observers for profusion of parenchymal opacities and extent of pleural disease an...

heat exchangers are one of the most important devices of mechanical systems in modernsociety. most industrial processes involve the transfer of heat and more often they requirethe heat transfer process to be controlled. a heat exchanger is the heat exchanged betweentwo media, one being cold and the other being hot. there are different types of heatexchanger, but the type which is widely used in...

HEN a locus is held heterozygous for n generations of backcrossing, the W average length of heterozygous segments surrounding the selected locus asymptotically approaches 2Jn (FISHER 1949). With the equivalence of eight to ten generations of backcrossing this criterion is adequate. Experiments which involve early generation tests with genetically similar or “isogenic lines”, chromosome substitu...