BACKGROUND Intake of dietary fatty acids has been linked to cardiovascular disease risk. However, data available to evaluate trends in fatty acid intake in the US population are limited, particularly with regard to trans fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). METHODS AND RESULTS The present analysis examined trends in fatty acid intake from 1980-1982 through...

Conjugated fatty acids have attracted much attention as a novel type of biologically beneficial functional lipid. Some isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduce carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis, and body fat. Considering the use of CLA for medicinal and nutraceutical purposes, a safe isomer-selective process is required. The introduction of biological reactions for CLA production could be...

Solvent-tolerant and -sensitive Pseudomonas putida strains were studied to determine their cell envelope changes following exposure to o-xylene. Both strains produced trans-unsaturated fatty acids. The tolerant strain showed an increase in total fatty acids, an increase in saturated fatty acids, and modified lipopolysaccharide. It is suggested that these envelope modifications aid in survival a...

The physical properties of common unsaturated fatty acids are altered when they are converted to their geometric isomers. For example, isomerization of the naturally occurring cis acid, oleic acid, to its trans form, elaidic acid, raises its melting point by 30”, changing it from a liquid to a solid at body temperature. Theoretically, such isomeric pairs might be expect.ed to differ in their me...

Intestinal enterocytes contain two homologous fatty acid-binding proteins, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP)2 and liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP). Since the functional basis for this multiplicity is not known, the fatty acid-binding specificity of recombinant forms of both rat I-FABP and rat L-FABP was examined. A systematic comparative analysis of the 18 carbon chain len...

In the present study the effects of some C18 fatty acids on hepatic fatty acid metabolism have been compared. Male rats were fed cholesterol-free diets containing either C18:0, C18:1 cis or C18:1 trans isomers as the variables. In accordance with previous work, oleic acid in the diet caused an increase in cholesterol concentration in the liver and in the lipoprotein fraction of density (d; kg/l...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utilization of different sources of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids in diets for dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation on the milk fatty acid profile and composition of the protein fraction. Thirty-six Holstein cows were divided into three groups, fed the following diets: control (C); soybean oil (SO); and calcium salts of...

BACKGROUND Trans-fatty acids (TFAs), unsaturated fats with at least one double bond in the Trans configuration, are industrially formed in large quantities when vegetable oils are partially hydrogenated. This study was undertaken to quantify the amounts of the common fatty acids in several commercial oils marketing in Iran. METHODS The most consumed commercially available brands of vegetable ...

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of linoleic acid (cis,cis-C18:2(n-6)) and its hydrogenation products elaidic (trans-C18:1(n-9)) and stearic acid (C18:0) on serum lipoprotein levels in humans. Twenty-six men and 30 women, all normolipemic and apparently healthy, completed the trial. Three experimental diets were supplied to every subject for 3 weeks each, in random order (...

Whether genetic factors influence the associations of fatty acids with the risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is largely unknown. To investigate possible gene-fatty acid interactions on SCA risk, we used a case-only approach and measured fatty acids in erythrocyte samples from 1869 SCA cases in a population-based repository with genetic data. We selected 191 SNP in ENCODE-identified regulatory...