A normal temperature cured starch-based wood adhesive was prepared using dry method esterification and polyisocyanate prepolymer crosslinking. The effects of esterification and crosslinking on the properties of corn starch adhesive were investigated. The esterified starch and adhesive were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dielectric a...

Esterification of starch was carried out to expand the usefulness of starch for a myriad of industrial applications. Lipase B from Candida antarctica, immobilized on macroporous acrylic resin (Novozym 435), was used for starch esterification in two reaction systems: micro-solvent system and solvent-free system. The esterification of corn starch with palmitic acid in the solvent-free system and ...

The possibility of converting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste into terephthalic acid as a primary material by using different techniques through trans-esterification, with an alcohol and through hydrolysis in basic medium, has been investigated. In addition, utilization of activating agents such as inorganic salts and phase transfer catalysts has been investigated. Mineral water and beve...

Nicotiana tabacum commonly known as Tobacco plant which has broad application over soap, paint and cigar industries was now investigated for biodiesel production. Nicotiana tabacum seeds were one of the prominent sources for non-edible oil. Oil from Tobacco seeds were expelled with Soxhlet extraction apparatus using n-hexane as extraction solvent. Two stage trans-esterification has been adopted...

The kinetics of biodegradation of palm-derived fatty methyl and ethyl esters (Elaeis guineensis biodiesel) by a wild-type aerobic bacterial population was measured at 20 degrees C, as the rate of oxygen uptake by a manometric technique. The methyl and ethyl biodiesels were obtained by potassium-hydroxide catalysed trans-esterification of palm oil, respectively. The bacterial flora included the ...

A process flowsheet was developed in ChemCad 6.4 to study the effect of feed moisture contents on the pre-esterification of waste oils. Waste oils were modelled as a mixture of triolein (90%), oleic acid (5%) and water (5%). The process mainly consisted of feed drying, pre-esterification reaction and methanol recovery. The results showed that the process energy requirements would be minimized w...

A sample preparation method based on the simultaneous microwaveassisted extraction–esterification (SMAEE) was developed for the determination of the fatty acid composition of foodstuffs by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The proposed sample preparation method was validated by comparison with the reference Soxhlet extraction method followed by derivatisation by ester formation and the same...

Out of various no edible oil resources, jatropha curcas oil is considered as a promising alternate fuel for CI engines. The present study describes the process used for production of degummed jatropha oil (DGJO) and jatropha methyl ester (JBD) The important fuel properties of DGJO and JBD were determined and compared with fossil diesel and jatropha oil. The degumming and trans esterification pr...

Esterification is a fundamental transformation in chemistry. Traditional esterification only largely occurs between carboxylic acid derivatives and alcohols, and often involves multistep processes. Developments in the transition-metal-catalysed and metal-free direct esterification of alcohols under oxidative conditions has opened a door to the efficient, sustainable and environmentally friendly...

The influence of extracellular fatty acids on the uptake and esterification of [3H]retinol bound to human retinol-binding protein (RBP), to RBP-transthyretin (TTR), or in dispersed form by the human hepatoma, HepG2, and human mammary epithelial carcinoma, MCF-7, cell lines was studied. The esterification of [3H]retinol was significantly increased in cells incubated with myristic, palmitic, stea...