Land-based exercise is often difficult for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have coexisting obesity or musculoskeletal or neurological conditions. This randomised controlled trial aimed to determine the effectiveness of water-based exercise training in improving exercise capacity and quality of life compared to land-based exercise training and control (no exercise) i...

background and aim: it will be discussed about five mechanisms in relation to speech in noise perception; including neural encoding and decoding, centrifugal pathways, pitch perception, asymmetric sampling in time and cognitive skills. these mechanisms are related to each other and each is important to recognize speech in noise. in this article, we have tried to rely on the latest studies to de...

the oil refining industries are using a number of demulsifiers for dewatering and desalination of crude oil but experience has shown that universal demulsifiers can not be produced. each kind of water in oil (w/o) emulsion requires specific by composition demulsifier. in practice, synergetic effect of the interaction between different types of demulsifiers is often sought. for dewatering the w...

this study is aimed at an identification of farmers' knowledge level on soil and water issues, hardware and software requirements, and to characterize farmers' educational priorities in tehran, khuzestan, golestan, and mazandaran provinces. three pilot plans were selected and evaluated in each province. field survey was employed and the required data collected via personal interview w...

Background: This study was planned to examine the effects of whole-body exposure to GSM-950 MHz electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on acquisition and consolidation of spatial memory in rats using a water maze task. Materials and Methods: In experiment 1, the animals were given two blocks of five trials per day for three consecutive days in a water maze task. The interval between blocks was 4h...

INTRODUCTION Many studies have shown that resistance training has a positive effect on bone mineral density (BMD). However, few studies have compared the BMD of individuals undergoing resistance training and those training aquatic weight-bearing exercises. OBJECTIVE To compare, in a cross-sectional study, the BMD of postmenopausal women undergoing resistance training and postmenopausal women ...

estimate of sediment load is required in a wide spectrum of water resources engineering problems. the nonlinear nature of suspended sediment load series necessitates the utilization of nonlinear methods to simulate the suspended sediment load. in this study artificial neural networks (anns) are employed to estimate daily suspended sediment load. two different ann algorithms, multi layer percept...

background: testosterone and its metabolites have important roles in learning and memory. the current study has conducted to assess the effect of pre-training, post-training and pre-probe trial intrahippocampal ca1 administration of 3 alpha-anderostanediol (one of the metabolites of testosterone) and indomethacin (as 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme blocker) on acquisition, consolida...