Pathogenic fungi and bacteria often damage their host (plants) tissues by producing toxic metabolites, which induced various symptoms such as necrosis, chlorosis, wilting, water soaking and eventually the death of plants. These toxic metabolites also known is one of the weapons used by pathogen inducing disease condition in susceptible host plants. Many pathogens are known to produce toxins bot...

The products synthesized from a hybrid polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene cluster in the genome of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 were identified using a genomics-guided strategy involving insertional mutagenesis and subsequent metabolite profiling. Five analogs of rhizoxin, a 16-member macrolide with antifungal, phytotoxic, and antitumor activities, were produced by Pf-5, b...

Snail borne infections are of significant importance in livestock production in India especially in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Snails Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus live in muddy vicinity and standing water and act as the intermediate hosts of the parasitic disease fascioliasis in the livestock. This disease is responsible for significant economic losses due to negative effects to anim...

Solanum malacoxylon a toxic plant contains a glycoside conjugated to Vitamin D3 that promotes in cattle a calcinogenic disease characterized by weight loss, stiffened, painful gait, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and mineralization of soft tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of S.malacoxylon on ruminant species, the goat, with similar digestive physiology and pla...

Heavy metals known to be accumulated in plants adversely affect human health. This study aims to assess the effects of agrochemicals especially chemical fertilizers applied in paddy fields, which release potential toxic heavy metals into soil. Those heavy metals get accumulated in different parts of paddy plant (Oryza sativa L.) including the grains. Concentrations of nonessential toxic heavy m...

BACKGROUND: Nicotiana tobacco contains large amounts of alkaloid nicotine. Tobacco plant is used for smoking and causes many health problems since it is high in nicotine which is one of the widely-recognized toxic compounds with serious side effects for different body organs. Reducing nicotine content of this plant is a way to reduce its health hazards in cigarette smokers. Utilizing the new ...

abstract indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella hübner (pyralidae) is one of the most important stored-product insects that are controlled by fumigants. however, the use of plant essential oils and their constituents may have the advantage over conventional fumigants in terms of low mammalian toxicity and can be used as alternatives to conventional fumigants. therefore, in this research, repel...

indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella hubner is one of the most important stored-product insects that are controlled by fumigants. however, the use of plant essential oils and their constituents may have the advantage over conventional fumigants in terms of low mammalian toxicity and can be used as alternatives to conventional fumigants. therefore, in this research, repellent activity of 18 p...