An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect bovine antibodies to Histophilus somni exopolysaccharide (EPS), which is created during biofilm formation. When an index value of 0.268 was used, the sensitivity of the assay for infected calves was 90.5% at 3 weeks postinfection, but the number of positive animals increased by week 4. The specificity of the assay for healthy ...

1. An in vitro preparation was used to measure rates of oxygen consumption, Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration. [14C]phenylalanine incorporation and tyrosine release of skeletal (sternomandibularis) muscle from 10-21-d-old (three) and 7-month dairy (three) calves and control (CDM; four) and extreme double-muscled (EDM; two) calves. 2. Rates of oxygen consumption was greatest (P less than 0.00...

AIM The present study was designed to: (1) Investigate the effect of weaning time on various metabolic indices and growth pattern in buffalo calves compared to cow calves under field condition and (2) Shed light on the potential relationship between early weaning, growth metabolites, and suboptimal growth (ill-thrift) in buffalo calves. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 18 neonatal calv...

In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of Toxocara vitulorum in beef calves in North Central Florida. Fecal samples from 433 calves under 9 months of age were analyzed for the presence of eggs in their feces. The prevalence in calves less than 3 months of age was 17.6%, 3-4 months of age was 0.4% and those 5-6 months old had a 0.9% prevalence. As expected, no eggs were detected in any calve...

Fecal specimens were collected from 30 calves from birth to 24 months of age at a dairy farm in Maryland to determine the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in cattle of different ages. Fecal samples were subjected to density gradient centrifugation to remove debris and concentrate cysts. Specimens were analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All P...

Group housing provides increased access to space and social interactions for calves while reducing labor costs for producers. However, group housing necessarily requires that calves be mixed and no research to date has addressed the effects of mixing on behavior of milk-fed dairy calves. The objective of this study was to monitor the feeding and competitive behavior of individual dairy calves (...

Neonatal Jersey calves (n = 96) were used to evaluate effects of housing (individual hutches or wooden pens in a barn) and colostrum feeding (calves were separated from the dam and fed 2 L of colostrum in nipple-bottles or allowed to nurse the dam for 3 d) on the prevalence of selected organisms in feces. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria were reduced, and prevalence of rotavirus tended...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of weaned calves to different feed additives within a preconditioning supplement. Specifically, alternatives to antibiotics and ionophores were evaluated to determine their effectiveness in improving calf performance and mitigating the stress response observed during the weaning process. Following stratification by bodyweight, sex, previo...

A major problem in camel productivity is the high mortality rate of camel calves in the first 3 months. The causes for mortality are mainly poor management practice and infectious diseases. The purpose of this research, carried out on a ranch in Kenya, was to determine the immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration in camel colostrum as well as the extent of the calves' passive immunization by matern...