L udwig von Mises observed, "It is customary to trace the influence that the milieu exerted upon the achievements of genius" (1969, p. 9). He goes on to suggest that, whatever the general merit of the custom, it is unsound when applied to the great thinkers of Austria. Not heeding Mises' warning, eminent philosopher and historian of science Stephen Toulmin, along with his coauthor Allan Janik, ...

In ordinary social interaction, including cooperative work, there are many structures that participants use and represent in a variety of ways, e.g., with verbal descriptions, drawings, tables, graphs, etc. For example, consider sporting events. Figure 1 shows a table from a newspaper representing the order and participants in a boat race, the Henley Regatta, while Figure 2 shows the same infor...

30 Adopting land policies and laws for effective, equitable and sustainable land use 30 Implementing land legislation and policy 31 Reassessing mechanisms for land redistribution 31 Putting land in a broader picture 32 Understanding the political dynamics of policy processes 32 Strengthening civil society organisations 32 Identifying areas for further research 33 REFERENCES 34 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMEN...

The Split Up project applies knowledge discovery techniques (KDD) to legal domains. Theories of jurisprudence underpin a classification scheme that is used to identify tasks suited to KDD. Theoretical perspectives also guide the selection of cases appropriate for a KDD exercise. Further, jurisprudence underpins strategies for dealing with contradictory data. Argumentation theory is instrumental...

<span>This study aimed to analyze the argumentation skills of students in learning through discussion socio-scientific issues with concept viruses. This research is descriptive which describes quality oral and written arguments. The was conducted class X MIPA at SMAN Jakarta. There were 34 involved this study. method analysis determine pattern arguments used Toulmin Analysis. collaborativ...