Minimizing the total wire length is an important objective in VLSI layout design. In this paper we consider the problem of minimizing the total wire length during I-dimensional (I-D) compaction. Assume we are given a layout. containing nh horizontal wires, nlJ vertical wires, and rectilinear polygonal layout. components c.omposed of 7lr vertical edges. We present an O(n/, ·nlogn) time algorithm...

Despite the overwhelming clinical success of total hip arthroplasty, complications such as leg-length discrepancy can be a significant cause of functional impairment and patient dissatisfaction. Multiple intraoperative techniques are available for measuring femoral limb length; however, many require additional invasive hardware and those that do not are less accurate at measuring limb length. T...

One of the most basic pattern recognition problems is whether a certain local feature occurs in some linear array to the left of some other local feature. We construct in this article circuits that solve this problem with an asymptotically optimal number of threshold gates. Furthermore it is shown that much fewer threshold gates are needed if one employs in addition a small number of winner-tak...

PURPOSE To identify variables affecting length of hospital stay after total hip replacement (THR) while controlling for potential confounders. METHODS Records of 199 consecutive elective unilateral THRs were reviewed. Clinical and demographic data including age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, surgical factors (surgical approach, type of prosthesis, use of cement, operating time), ana...

A consecutive series of 100 patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty were assessed for functional leg-length inequality (FLLI). In addition, the medical records of all patients treated for FLLI by the senior author (C.S.R.) in the past 15 years was reviewed. A questionnaire was distributed to the members of the Hip Society specifically to query the prevalence, etiology, and management...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Estimation of small bowel length is of interest following the recent development of device-assisted enteroscopy. This new technology allows access to the deep small bowel, but rates of examination of the entire small bowel (total enteroscopy) differ between study populations. Variation in small bowel length could factor into this observed irregularity in total enteroscopy rat...

The clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains suboptimal in some patients. One of the factors that might hinder improved functionality may be postoperative limb length discrepancy due to increase in limb length of the operative limb. The objective of this cross-sectional prospective study was to examine the extent to which limb length change occurs after TKA and to compare the c...

Despite concerted intraoperative attempts to establish equal limb alignment, leg length discrepancy (LLD) remains a frequent complication following elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) [1]. A number of effective intraoperative imaging and clinical limb length techniques have been recommended to minimize this complication; however, all of these assessment modalities have their reported limitati...

The total Steiner k-distance and the k-th total path length are the sum of the size of Steiner trees and ancestor-trees over sets of k nodes of a given tree, respectively. They are useful statistics with many applications. Consequently, they have been analyzed for many different random trees, including increasing tree, binary search tree, generalized m-ary search tree and simply generated trees...

We assessed leg length discrepancy and hip function in 90 patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty before surgery and at three and 12 months after. Function was measured using the Oxford hip score (OHS). After surgery the mean OHS improved by 26 points after three months and by 30 points after 12. After operation 56 (62%) limbs were long by a mean of 9 mm and this was perceived by 24 ...