Smoke from burning different kinds of vegetation or wood is often used as a cheap personal protection measure against mosquitos during the evening. To test the efficacy of smoke, a comparative field trial was conducted in the Wosera District, Papua New Guinea. Repellency of smoke from burning wild mango wood (Mangifera spp), leaves from betelnut (Areca catechu), wild ginger (Alpinia spp) and co...

INTRODUCTION A torn labial frenum is widely regarded as pathognomonic of abuse. METHODS We systematically reviewed the evidence for this, and to define other intra-oral injuries found in physical abuse. Nine studies documented abusive torn labial frena in 27 children and 24 [corrected] were fatally abused: 22 were less than 5 years old. Only a direct blow to the face was substantiated as a me...

objective: reinforcement with fiber is an effective method for considerable improvement in flexural properties of indirect composite resin restorations. the aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the transverse strength of composite resin bars reinforced with preimpregnated and non-impregnated fibers. materials and methods: thirty six bar type composite resin specimens (3×2×25 mm) were const...

BACKGROUND The use of antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters (CVCs) for the prevention of CVC microbial colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) remains controversial. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating CRBSI and colonization of CVCs impregnated with rifampicin-based antimicrobial combinations. Our main ana...

We study the adversarial torn-paper channel. This problem is motivated by applications in DNA data storage where strands that carry information may break into smaller pieces which are received out of order. Our model extends previously researched probabilistic setting to worst-case. develop code constructions for any parameters channel non-vanishing asymptotic rate possible and show our achieve...

BACKGROUND Vector and malaria parasite's rising resistance against pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and antimalarial drugs highlight the need for additional control measures. Larviciding against malaria vectors is experiencing a renaissance with the availability of environmentally friendly and target species-specific larvicides. In this study, we analyse the perception and acceptability of spray...

OBJECTIVE To provide evidence-based recommendations for family physicians advising travelers on how to reduce their risk of malaria and dengue fever. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE A search of MEDLINE from 1990 to November 1998 found 671 articles; randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews were sought. The Cochrane Collaboration was searched for studies relevant to family physicians; meta-analy...