This paper uses corpus analysis to explore relationships between tone and melody in folk contemporary songs Chaozhou, a Chinese dialect with eight lexical tones wealth of sandhi. Results suggest that: (1) there is high degree correspondence Chaozhou song; (2) sandhi influences tone-melody correspondence; (3) realised context can be categorised into high-, mid-, low-pitch groups according the to...

The present paper demonstrates that much can be learned about intonation through the study of the contribution of lexical tones to the f0 contour of speech utterances. A fundamental principle and several basic mechanisms of tone production and perception are proposed based on studies of both tone and intonation. Their implications for intonation in general are discussed.

A case of acute transient flaccid quadriparesis after a low voltage electric shock is reported. The patient recovered completely with in three days.

Previously found effects of age on thresholds for speech reception thresholds in noise in adolescents as measured by an online screening survey require further study in a well-controlled teenage sample. Speech reception thresholds (SRT) of 72 normal-hearing adolescent students were analyzed by means of the online speech-in-noise screening tool Earcheck (In Dutch: Oorcheck). Screening was perfor...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate tone production performance of native Mandarin Chinese speaking children with cochlear implants and to evaluate the effects of age at implantation and duration of implant use on tone production in those children. METHODS Fourteen prelingually deaf children who had received cochlear implantation and 14 age-matched normal-hearing chi...

Abstract Features are standard in segmental analysis but have been less successfully applied to tone. Subtonal features even argued be satisfactory for the representation of African tone than tonal primitives such as H, M, L (Hyman 2010; Clements et al. 2010). I argue that two-feature system Yip (1980) and Pulleyblank (1986) offers a straightforward account tonology Laal, an endangered, three-t...