The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans (A TCC 25175) suspensions, using a red laser for one minute in combination with toluidine blue O (TBO) or methylene blue (MB). Both photosensitizers were used in three concentrations (25, 10 and 5 mg/L). The activity ofphotosensitizers and laser irradiation were tested sep...

There is increasing evidence that the redox activities of the pulmonary endothelial surface may have important implications for the function of both lungs and blood. Because of the inherent complexity of intact organs, it can be difficult to study these activities in situ. Given the availability of appropriate indicator probes, the multiple-indicator dilution (MID) method is one approach for de...

Staining of mast cells (MCs), including porcine ones, is critically dependent upon the fixation and staining technique. In the pig, mucosal and submucosal MCs do not stain or stain only faintly after formalin fixation. Some fixation methods are particularly recommended for MC staining, for example the fixation with Carnoy or lead salts. Zinc salt fixation (ZSF) has been reported to work excelle...

An 18-year-old Japanese male presented with a normal-skin-colored, dome-shaped, slightly tender tumor on his left palm. Histopathologically, the tumor consisted of distinct lobules, which were separated by fibrous connective tissue. Each lobule was composed of spindle or round cells within a myxoid matrix, pathognomonic of nerve sheath myxoma. The mucinous material was positively stained by Alc...

The interaction of Toluidine blue with Sodium Alginate has been investigated by spectrophotometric method. The polymer induces metachromasy in the dye as evidenced from the considerable blue shift in the absorption maxima of the dye. The interaction constant and thermodynamic parameters of polymer-dye interaction have been determined. The effect of alcohols on the reversal of metachromasy has b...

Hydrogen peroxide is an important mild oxidant which is widely used in various applications including remediation of waste waters and drinking water resources. The safe level of H2O2 residue has to be controlled through accurate and precise measurement methods. A facile spectrophotometric method for the determination of hydrogen peroxide is based on the reaction of iodine ...

Indole-3-acetic acid (plant auxin) has low toxicity but dramatically enhances the killing of mammalian cells on illuminating phenothiazinium dyes with red light. Suitable dyes include toluidine blue, used in cancer diagnosis because of localization in tumors, and methylene blue, used in experimental photodynamic therapy of cancer. The photosensitized oxidation of indole acetic acid forms a free...