Platinum and ruthenium can be simultaneously extracted from hydrochloric acid solution by high molecular weight amines (trioctylamine (TOA) or diantipyrylmethane (DAM) in 1,2-dichloroethane) after preliminary conversion into the complexes with SnCl3 ligands. The determination of both metals in the presence of each other in organic solutions of the formed ion-pairs can be accomplished by applyin...

Climate feedbacks vary strongly among climate models and continue to represent a major source of uncertainty in estimates of the response of climate to anthropogenic forcings. One method to evaluate feedbacks in global climate models is the radiative kernel technique, which is well suited for model intercomparison studies because of its computational efficiency. However, the usefulness of this ...

[1] Using measured and derived aerosol properties from the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE), a four-stream broadband radiative transfer model is used to calculate the downward shortwave irradiance (DSWI) at the surface and the shortwave irradiance at the top of atmosphere (TOA). The results of the calculated DSWI are compared against pyranometer measurements from the Surface Measurements For...

The Net Surface Shortwave Radiation (NSSR) is of primary interest in climate research because it controls the total energy exchange between the atmosphere and the land/ocean surface. The conventional methods for estimating NSSR rely on broadband satellite data such as Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) wide-field-of-view planetary albedo. The spatial resolution of the current ERBE satelli...

In this study, the observations from S-NPP VIIRS Day-Night band (DNB) and Moderate resolution bands (M bands) of Libya 4 and Dome C over the first four years of the mission are used to assess the DNB low gain calibration stability. The Sensor Data Records produced by NASA Land Product Evaluation and Algorithm Testing Element (PEATE) are acquired from nearly nadir overpasses for Libya 4 desert a...

Problems in the acute sector of psychiatric care are not unique to the Netherlands and at an international level appear to be linked to problems that are significant for big cities. The search for an “acute bed” had become more difficult and patients were being placed and transported through the whole country. The three mental health care institutions in Amsterdam joined forces and opened a gat...

Elastography, the imaging of elastic properties of soft tissues, is well developed for macroscopic clinical imaging of soft tissues and can provide useful information about various pathological processes which is complementary to that provided by the original modality. Scaling down of this technique should ply the field of cellular biology with valuable information with regard to elastic proper...

Radio frequency (RF)-based localization yields centimeter-accurate positions under mild propagation conditions. However, conditions predominant in indoor environments (e.g. industrial production) are often challenging as signal blockage, diffraction and dense multipath lead to errors the time of flight (TOF) estimation hence a degraded accuracy. A major topic high-precision RF-based is identifi...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to research asymmetry in infants with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) according to head rotation. [Subjects and Methods] 70 infants with CMT were divided into grade I, grade II, and grade III according to the asymmetry of cervical rotation. Patients received ultrasound and massage therapy for 30 minutes, in conjunction with passive stretching exerci...