the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between employees’ perception of authentic leadership and their promotive psychological ownership and preventive psychological ownership. for this purpose, the survey-analytical method of research was used. population of this research consists of line staff of iran insurance company in tehran. a sample of 129 employees was selected rand...

BACKGROUND General, health-related quality-of-life questionnaires and recovery-specific questionnaires have been used to measure recovery in surgical patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinimetric properties of 3 recovery instruments and to examine whether recovery-specific instruments are useful. METHODS The Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), Recovery Index-10 (RI-10), and RAN...

BACKGROUND The construct validity of fresh human cadaver as a training tool has not been established previously. The aims of this study were to investigate the construct validity of fresh frozen human cadaver as a method of training in minimal access surgery and determine if novices can be rapidly trained using this model to a safe level of performance. METHODS Junior surgical trainees, novi...

UNLABELLED Validity and reliability relate to the interpretation of scores from psychometric instruments (eg, symptom scales, questionnaires, education tests, and observer ratings) used in clinical practice, research, education, and administration. Emerging paradigms replace prior distinctions of face, content, and criterion validity with the unitary concept "construct validity," the degree to ...

Financial literacy of investors reduces uncertainty on future decisions and increases predictability of investment policies in financial markets. Thus, the lack of clear information on financial markets is a determining factor in the arrival of domestic and foreign capitals and their quick exit in case of crisis. The lack of transparency and basic knowledge on decisions and failure to provide r...

  Background: Outstanding leadership is one of the important and vital concepts in management and educational leadership debates especially in educational organizations such as universities. Thus, effective educational leadership and adopting an appropriate tool to assess leadership in education are crucial in these institutions. The present study was conducted to develop an instrument for meas...

AIM To translate the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire into the Dutch language (VISA-A-NL), and to assess its reliability, validity, and applicability to non-athletes. METHODS After translation according to a forward-backward protocol, 101 patients with complaints of Achilles tendinopathy were asked to fill out the VISA-A-NL at two time points together w...