We have established a fabrication process for conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) tips for multiprobe scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with high yield. This was achieved, first, by attaching a CNT at the apex of a supporting W tip by a dielectrophoresis method, second, by reinforcing the adhesion between the CNT and the W tip by electron beam deposition of hydrocarbon and subsequent heating, an...

Polarized organization of the cytoplasm of growing pollen tubes is maintained by coordinated function of actin filaments (AFs) and microtubules (MTs). AFs convey post-Golgi secretory vesicles to the tip where some fuse with specific domains of the plasma membrane (PM). Secretory activity is balanced by PM retrieval that maintains cell membrane economy and regulates the polarized composition of ...

A technique for recording His bundle activity in man without fluoroscopic guidance is described. Balloon tipped triOr tetrapolar catheters were designed with pacing electrodes located at the catheter tip, and two fine sensing electrodes 4 and 5 cm behind it. The catheter tip was preformed into a "J" curve. Following percutaneous transfemoral insertion, the catheter is floated to the right ventr...

Aluminium (Al) uptake and transport in the root tip of buckwheat is not yet completely understood. For localization of Al in root tips, fluorescent dyes and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were compared. The staining of Al with morin is an appropriate means to study qualitatively the radial distribution along the root tip axis of Al which is complexed by ...

BACKGROUND The ideal built-in tip and torque values of the straight wire appliance reduce the need for wire bending and hence reduce chair time. The vertical position of the bracket on the tooth surface can alter the torque exerted on the tooth. This is a result of the altered surface curvature observed at each vertical position. To further clarify the role of vertical bracket positioning on th...

In this paper, we propose a visual feedback system for a neuroanatomy. The stereoscopic microscope image of the dentate gyrus of adult rat brain in the neuroanatomy is converted into a black and white image. By the region segmentation, the region of the dentate gyrus is extracted. A binary image is obtained from a microscopic photo of cresyl violet-stained coronal section of the rat brain as a ...

A near-field scanning optical microscopy ~NSOM! probe elongates when light is coupled into it. The time response of this thermal process is measured here by a new optical technique that exploits the typical flat-apex morphology of the probe as a mirror in a Fabry–Perot type cavity. Pulsed laser light is coupled into the probe to heat up the tip, while another continuous wave laser serves to mon...

Three-dimensional atom probe tomography (APT) is successfully used to analyze the near-apex regions of an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip. Atom scale material structure and chemistry from APT analysis for standard silicon AFM tips and silicon AFM tips coated with a thin film of Cu is presented. Comparison of the thin film data with that observed using transmission electron microscopy indicate...

BACKGROUND Accurate assessment of working length determines the success and prognosis of an endodontic treatment outcome. Various methods are used in determining the working length. AIM Compare the measurements of the apex locator and radiographic technique to determine working length. METHODS An ex vivo study was conducted on 20 patients having intact single straight root canal. Only premo...

Ab initio pseudopotential total energy techniques are used to investigate the tip-surface interaction in atomic force microscopy on a GaAs~110! surface with a Si tip. Our simulations show significant surface relaxation effects in the near contact region, which lead to a complicated behavior of the total energy and force curves. In particular, the tip-induced displacement of the Ga atoms can exc...