This study was carry out to obtain direct evidence that the body midline actually is perceived and to assess some psychophysical properties of this line. Twelve normal, right-handed male subjects were asked to make accurate pointing movements toward the midline of the anterior trunk on the basis of their mental representation of this line. Each hand was used to point while the head was either a...

[Purpose] This pilot study examined the immediate effects of quick-seated trunk exercise on sit-to-stand movement in children with cerebral palsy. [Subjects and Methods] Five children with spastic cerebral palsy (hemiplegia, 3; diplegia, 2; age 6-17 years) performed five sessions of natural-seated trunk exercise at a self-selected speed (control). Following a 50-min rest period, five sessions o...

A TCP trunk is an aggregate traffic stream whose data packets are transported at a rate dynamically determined by TCPÕs congestion control. Typically such a trunk is implemented on top of a layer-2 virtual circuit or an MPLS label switched path. A management TCP connection is used to regulate the rate at which the trunk transmits its data packets. Setting up a TCP trunk over a circuit or a path...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral upper extremity exercises on trunk performance in patients with stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty in-patients with chronic stroke of at least 6 month's duration participated in this study. Patients in the experimental and control groups received neurological rehabilitation treatment for stroke. In addition to the neu...

caspian miniature horse is a rare small horse in iran. in this horse, brachiocephalic trunk originates from the craniodorsal of the convex part of the aortic arch. it supplies the head, neck, forelimbs and cranial part of the thoracic cavity. in this reseach topographical location of brachiocephalic trunk arising from the aorta and its ramifications have been studied. five caspian miniature hor...

Trunk muscle weakness and imbalance are risk factors for postural instability, low back pain, and poor postoperative outcomes. The association between trunk muscle strength and aging is poorly understood, and establishing normal reference values is difficult. We aimed to establish the validity of a novel portable trunk muscle torque measurement instrument (PTMI). We then estimated reference dat...

OBJECTIVE To review the literature that evaluates the influence of trunk motion on trunk strength and structural loading. BACKGROUND In recent years, trunk dynamics have been identified as potential risk factors for developing low-back disorders. Consequently, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in trunk motion is needed. METHODS This review summarizes the results o...

Until recently, growth stress studies have been made only on coniferous and dicotyledonous trees. Growth stress of trees is thought to be initiated in newly formed secondary xylem cells. This stress can accumulate for years and is distributed inside the trunk. Major characteristics of the trunk of monocotyledonous trees include numerous vascular bundles scattered inside the ground tissue and th...