The function of the cerebellum in motor control is a long-standing puzzle because cerebellar damage is associated with both timing and coordination deficits. Timing is the ability to produce consistent intervals between movements based on an internal representation of time. Coordination, in contrast, is a state-dependent control process in which motor commands to one effector depend on the pred...

In this study, removal of a transitional object (pillow) was applied as the sole intervention for one of two siblings who sucked their thumbs. The intervention was applied only to the older sibling, whereas data were collected on the thumb sucking of both participants. Results indicated that removal of the transitional object for the older sibling reduced thumb sucking in both siblings and incr...

Introduction: Hand and wrist stability are critical for optimal upper extremity function. Instability occurs when injury or a pathological condition alters balance, typically in the basketball players and handball players. Injury also can occur whenever the ligaments are subjected to tensile forces that exceed their physiological capacities. For example, thumb is stable in ext...

QUESTION What is the effectiveness of 12 weeks of nightly stretch in reducing thumb web-space contracture in people with neurological conditions? DESIGN Assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS Forty-four (one dropout)community-dwelling patients with a neurological condition (14 stroke, 7 traumatic brain injury, 23 spinal cord injury) who had uni or bilateral thumb web-sp...

During precision grip, coherence between motor cortex and hand muscle EMG oscillatory activity in the 15-30 Hz range covaries with the compliance of the manipulated object. The current study investigated whether short-term synchrony and coherence between discharges of single motor units (SMUs) in the first dorsal interosseous (1DI) muscle were similarly modulated by object compliance during pre...

The Rutgers Master II-ND glove is a follow up on the earlier Rutgers Master II haptic interface. The redesigned glove has all the sensing placed on palm support, avoiding routing wires to the fingertips. It uses custom pneumatic actuators arranged in a direct-drive configuration between the palm and the thumb, index middle and ring fingers. The supporting glove used in the RMII design is elimin...

Purpose. We have observed worsening thumb pain following carpal tunnel release (CTR) in some patients. Our purpose was to determine the effect of open CTR on thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) biomechanics. Methods. Five fresh-frozen cadaver arms with intact soft tissues were used. Each specimen was secured to a jig which fixed the forearm at 45° supination, and the wrist at 20° dorsiflexion, with thu...

We have studied manual motor function in a man deafferented by a severe peripheral sensory neuropathy. Motor power was almost unaffected. Our patients could produce a very wide range of preprogrammed finger movements with remarkable accuracy, involving complex muscle synergies of the hand and forearm muscles. He could perform individual finger movements and outline figures in the air with high ...

this paper presents a stable new algorithm for force/position control in robot manipulators. in this algorithm, position vectors are measured by sensors and then used in the control law. since using force sensor has some issues such as high costs and technical problems, an approach is presented to overcome these issues. in this respect, force sensor is replaced by an adaptive fuzzy estimator to...