Bovine liver mitochondria have been found to contain an enzyme which will catalyze the formation of &aminolevulinic acid via a transamination reaction rather than via the condensation of glycine and succinyl coenzyme A. The enzyme, L-alanine:y,bdioxovaleric acid aminotransferase (y,&dioxovalerate transaminase) was isolated and purified to apparent homogeneity. y,&Dioxovalerate transaminase is q...

– We present an analysis of the statistical properties of hydrodynamic field fluctuations which reveal the existence of precursors to fingering processes. These precursors are found to exhibit power law distributions, and these power laws are shown to follow from spatial q-Gaussian structures which are solutions to the non-linear porous media equation. Over the past fifteen years, a nonextensiv...

– The progression of a liquid inside a porous medium often involves two macroscopic fronts: a main one, at the bottom, which saturates the medium; and a much thinner one, ahead, which propagates using the fine structures of the porous material. We discuss here different characteristics of this precursor. We show in particular how it can move faster than the main front, although it follows confi...

There is substantial evidence that string theory on AdS5 × S5 is a holographic theory in which the number of degrees of freedom scales as the area of the boundary in Planck units. Precisely how the theory can describe bulk physics using only surface degrees of freedom is not well understood. A particularly paradoxical situation involves an event deep in the interior of the bulk space. The event...

The diet contains a large number of constituents which can be nitrosated in the gastrointestinal tract (especially in the stomach) to potentially carcinogenic nitroso compounds (NOC). The nitrosation of food mixtures has been investigated with a number of assays, such as chemical analysis or detection of alkylating potential, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Relatively good information is avai...

We have conducted a comprehensive analysis of the relative timing of the terminal mitosis and the onset of rhodopsin expression in rod precursors in the rat retina in vivo. This analysis demonstrated that there are two distinct phases of rod development during retinal histogenesis. For the majority of rod precursors, those born on or after embryonic day 19 (E19), the onset of rhodopsin expressi...

The mitochondrial intermembrane space contains chaperone complexes that guide hydrophobic precursor proteins through this aqueous compartment. The chaperones consist of hetero-oligomeric complexes of small Tim proteins with conserved cysteine residues. The precursors of small Tim proteins are synthesized in the cytosol. Import of the precursors requires the essential intermembrane space protein...

Presence of mast cell precursors in the mouse peritoneal cavity was demonstrated, and the precursors were characterized. When a cell suspension, containing mast cell precursor(s), was directly injected into the skin of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1 (WB X C57BL/6)-W/Wv mice, a cluster composed of approximately 2,000 mast cells appeared at the injection site. By determining the proportio...

Neural precursors in the developing olfactory epithelium (OE) give rise to three major neuronal classes - olfactory receptor (ORNs), vomeronasal (VRNs) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Nevertheless, the molecular and proliferative identities of these precursors are largely unknown. We characterized two precursor classes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) shortly after it becomes...

Coagulation behavior of aluminum chloride and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) for removing corresponding disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors was discussed in this paper. CHCl3, bromine trihalomethanes (THM-Br), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) formation potential yields were correlated with specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) values in different molecular weight (M...