PURPOSE Thrombosis of native arteriovenous (AV) fistula is an important cause of complications in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of measuring circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) level and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) lactonase activity as potential predictors of native AV fistula thrombosis in chronic HD patients. METHODS This stud...

Madam, We mad with interest a short report published in your November issue titled "Immediate Haemorrhoidectomy for Thrombosed Fourth Degree Haemorrhoids”. The Author has compared the results of immediate haemorrhoidectomy and conservative treatment. Unfortunately, be did not mention the treatment that we have found simple and effective in thrombosed, prolapsed haemorrholds. Head and Gudgeon re...

PURPOSE Basiparallel anatomic scanning (BPAS)-MR imaging is a simple MR imaging technique that we designed for visualization of the surface appearance of the vertebrobasilar artery within the cistern. It can clearly show the outer contour of occluded arteries or thrombosed aneurysms. By comparing BPAS-MR imaging with 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA), we can precisely evaluate the ve...