ferdous al-hekma book is one of the traditional medicine resources in the islamic civi-lization legacy. ali ibn rabn tabari, its author, has lived in the third century ah. his-torians disagree on the author’s correct name, but the name of ali ibn rabn tabari is of the most interest to them. this name seems more correctly because rabn means “our teacher” in judaism and the author of the book was...

This article examines the office of advocate at abbey Saint-Martin Tours. It studies what was regionally distinctive about its emergence there in late ninth century and suggests a reason for office’s demise early tenth century. In doing so, it draws out important discursive shifts which were part parcel both setting-up fading-away Carolingian ‘reform’, suggesting that changes seen advocatial on...

this paper considers the spatial planning system in russian federation. study of spatial planning system of russia specifies three different stages from each other. the first phase consists of the sixteenth century until the early twentieth century. in this period, base of the spatial planning was formed and gradually developed during approximately 400 years. the next phase is devoted to soviet...

The Goths and Alans settled in the Mountainous Crimea about mid-third century. Eastern Roman Empire pursued policy of integrating barbarians on frontier order to strengthen its northern borders. In mountainous Crimea, assimilated Greek language result political ideological interaction trading with Cherson other cities towns Empire. earliest this area inscriptions were dipinti drawn light-clay n...

For the leaf succulent Agave deserti and the stem succulent Ferocactus acanthodes, increasing the ambient CO(2) level from 350 microliters per liter to 650 microliters per liter immediately increased daytime net CO(2) uptake about 30% while leaving nighttime net CO(2) uptake of these Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants approximately unchanged. A similar enhancement of about 30% was found ...

an examination of historical text and archaeological data show that mehrjanqadhaq was one of the important states of western iran which had been founded and formed in a region now known as darreshsher or more exactly in saimara valley. the history of the state goes back to parthian era. archaeological data in confirmation of historical texts both indicate settlement sequence form parthian era t...

This article is an attempt to settle the debate about floruit of largely obscure Ibn Aʿtham al-Kūfī and date composition his history. The standard death given for him, 314/926–27, was recently revealed be scholarly guesswork, more than one scholar has argued in recent decades that history may have been partially composed as early 204/819–20. But revision mistaken, this presents three arguments ...