Thiamine is a vitamin whose deficient can result in multiorgan symptoms. We described an 18% prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass surgery. Our hypotheses are that individuals with medically complicated obesity frequently have clinical thiamine deficiency and that diabetes mellitus is a mechanism for development of clinical thiamine deficiency. This is a single institu...

It was reported in the previous paper that thiamine and O-benzoylthiamine (OBT) reacted with iodine-oxidized egg albumin resulting in formation of protein thiamine mixed disulfide (1). The formation of protein-bound thiamine is de pendent on the pH of the reaction mixture and the amount of bound thiamine was much greater at pH 9.0 than at pH 7.3 possibly due to the difference of the amount of t...

It has been shown in the previous paper (1) that S-benzoyl derivatives of thiamine, e. g., S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate (BTP) and S-benzoylthiamine (SBT), have seemingly thiamine activity on Lactobacillus ferinenti, but they are not active per se; it is due to the production of thiamine-active compounds by de-S-benzoyla tion. It seems to be of interest to clarify the mechanism of debenzoyl...

The requirements of thiamine in adult ruminants are mainly met by ruminal bacterial synthesis, and thiamine deficiencies will occur when dairy cows overfed with high grain diet. However, there is limited knowledge with regard to the ruminal thiamine synthesis bacteria, and whether thiamine deficiency is related to the altered bacterial community by high grain diet is still unclear. To explore t...

AIMS To assess the effect of mandatory thiamine enrichment of wheat flour on blood thiamine levels in an alcohol-dependent population. METHODS Alcohol-dependent clients (n = 100) entering an inpatient service for the management of alcohol withdrawal had thiamine blood tests and diet interviews. Approximately half (n = 46) the alcohol-dependent participants reported taking vitamin supplements ...

The relationship between supplemental thiamine and Wilson’s disease has been the focus of recent investigation; and supplemental thiamine has been reported to modulate Wilson’s disease. Genetic studies have helped identify a number of factors that link thiamine to Wilson’s disease, including transcription factor p53, Bcl-2, caspase-2, heme oxygenase-1, and apolipo protein E. Thiamine has also b...

We have isolated a cDNA from human placenta, which, when expressed heterologously in mammalian cells, mediates the transport of the water-soluble vitamin thiamine. The cDNA codes for a protein of 497 amino acids containing 12 putative transmembrane domains. Northern blot analysis indicates that this transporter is widely expressed in human tissues. When expressed in HeLa cells, the cDNA induces...

The relationship between thiamine transport and a membrane-associated thiamine-binding activity has been investigated in Lactobacillus casei. Thiamine transport proceeds via a system whose general properties are typical of active uptake processes; entry of the vitamin into the cells requires energy, is temperature dependent, exhibits saturation kinetics, and is inhibited by substrate analogs. A...