The main low temperature p r o p e r t i e s of g l a s s e s a r e reviewed and analyzed i n terms of t h e "two l e v e l systemsv model. A new mechanism of i n t e r a c t i o n between f l u o r e s c e n t molecules and f l u c t u a t i n g s t r a i n f i e l d s c rea ted by t h e two l e v e l systems involving t h e concept of e l a s t i c quadrupoles is proposed i n view of exp la i...

Understanding the thermodynamic function of life may shed light on its origin. Life, as are all irreversible processes, is contingent on entropy production. Entropy production is a measure of the rate of the tendency of Nature to explore available microstates. The most important irreversible process generating entropy in the biosphere and, thus, facilitating this exploration, is the absorption ...

the third order term in the density functional is required for study of an inhomogeneous fluid. this term can be chosen such that, the thermodynamic potential gives the correct bulk pressure. the density porofile of a hard sphere fluid near hard wall which is an inhomogeneous fluid is obtained and it is shown that, if the third order term is ignored, although an exact bulk direct correlation fu...

The quantum-mechanical and thermodynamic properties of a three-level molecular cooling cycle are derived. An inadequacy of earlier models is rectified in accounting for the spontaneous emission and absorption associated with the coupling to the coherent driving field via an environmental reservoir. This additional coupling need not be dissipative, and can provide a thermal driving force-the qua...