This study aims at exploring postcolonial themes raised by Andrea Hirata’s Laskar Pelangi (Rainbow Warriors). Specifically, it will reveal the characteristics of hybridity found in the novel that prove this literary work may be categorized as postcolonial writing despite the fact that western or white colonialism has no impact or trace at all in the novel. Furthermore, the study will prove that...

through its evolution, the islamic mysticism was led in pantheism which was introduced by mohi al-din ibn `arabī. although pantheist ideas can be traced among the old mystics but ibn `arabī has been the founder and disciplinarian of such ideas. along with the spread of islam and persian language and literature in india, islamic mysticism, and subsequently, pantheistic mysticism spread in that c...