Atlantic SST variability in the twentieth century is analyzed factoring the influence of natural SST variability in the Pacific basin and the secular change in global SSTs. The tropical and northern extratropical basins are analyzed together using the extended EOF technique, which permits extraction of the interannual and multidecadal modes in the pan-Atlantic basin in a single step. The leadin...

The development of a particular wintertime atmospheric circulation regime over the North Atlantic, comprising a northward shift of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream and an associated strong and persistent ridge in the subtropics, is investigated. Several different methods of analysis are combined to describe the temporal evolution of the events and relate it to shifts in the phase of th...

[1] Recent studies comparing shipboard data between the 1950’s and the 1990’s have shown significant, heterogeneous adjustments of the temperature-salinity structure of the N. Atlantic Ocean. Here, we present proxy records of temperature and salinity from aragonite sclerosponge skeletons, extending existing records of the Salinity Maximum Waters (SMW) of the N. Atlantic back to 1890. These prox...