PURPOSE To determine the influence of arm-crank exercise in reproductive hormone levels in adults with chronic SCI. Further objectives were to assess the influence of arm-crank exercise on muscle strength and body composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen male adults with complete SCI at or below the 5th thoracic level (T5) volunteered for this study. Participants were randomly allocated t...

A Large-Eddy Simulation of several cycles of a spark-ignition engine with port fuel injection has been performed. The investigated engine is a modified Rotax-engine with one cylinder and four valves, built and measured (Heidenreich, Private communication) by the Institute of Reciprocating Engines of the University of Karlsruhe (IFKM). A recently modified (Magagnato et al., 2008) progress variab...

In this paper, in an arbitrary Hilbert space nonlocal boundary value problem for the Schrödinger equation with time dependent self-adjoint operator is studied. Stability estimates solution of established. To find approximate first order accuracy Rothe difference scheme and second Crank-Nicholson are constructed. these schemes have been obtained. obtain stability estimates, theory spectral repre...

and Applied Analysis 3 As in the classical Crank-Nicholson difference scheme, we will obtain a discrete approximation to the fractional derivative ∂U t, x /∂t at tn 1/2 , xi . Let H t, x 1 Γ 1 − α ∫ t 0 u s, x − u 0, x t − s α ds. 2.1

in this paper, a connecting rod was modeled and analyzed by finite element method. byusing genetic algorithm (ga) and modified cuckoo optimization algorithm (mcoa), the materialproperties and some geometrical specifications were optimized. cost function was a combination ofweight and stress. the connecting rod was under a load of 21.8 kn which obtained 360o crank angleat 5700 rev/min. the reduc...

Advection equations are an essential part of many mathematical models arising in different fields of science and engineering. It is important to treat such equations with efficient numerical schemes. The well-known Crank-Nicolson scheme will be applied. It will be shown that the accuracy of the calculated results can be improved when the Crank-Nicolson scheme is combined with the Richardson Ext...

In this article, we apply the Multiquadric radial basis function (RBF) interpo-lation method for nding the numerical approximation of traveling wave solu-tions of the Kawahara equation. The scheme is based on the Crank-Nicolsonformulation for space derivative. The performance of the method is shown innumerical examples.