When Canada’s current political system was established in 1867, the Fathers of Confederation took pains to make Canada’s federal government conform as closely as possible to British practiceand to diverge as sharply as possible from the supposedly failed political system of the United States. As Britain was a unitary state and Canada was a federation like the United States, this proved a formi...

When it has been decided that universal access to a good is to be provided, governments in some cases provide it directly, as with public education and old-age benefits almost everywhere and health benefits in many countries. In other cases, governments mandate that employers provide benefits to workers or that persons obtain benefits directly themselves. Requirements that employers keep workpl...

Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility...

Ruth Junkin is Rural Finance Specialist, Center for the Competitiveness of Ecoenterprises (CeCoEco), Tropical Agriculture Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Turrialba, Costa Rica. Globally, the past few decades have seen exponential growth and development in the microfinance sector. The worldwide movement to promote small-scale financing for micro and small enterprises has reached ov...

The current international system for protecting intellectual property was fashioned during the age of enlightenment and industrialization and developed subsequently in line with the perceived needs of technologically advanced societies. However, in recent years, indigenous peoples, local communities, and governments, mainly in developing countries, have demanded equivalent protection for tradit...

This paper will consider whether extending the notion of social citizenship to include legal citizenship offers the possibility of developing a gender-neutral and -inclusive conception of citizenship. The notion of legal citizenship encapsulates the view that all people are equal before the law and have a right to access to justice. Legal citizenship extends the idea of social citizenship, firs...

Governments and foundations have successfully harnessed tournaments to spur innovation. Yet this tool is not widely used by firms. We offer a framework for managers seeking to organize tournaments for ideas. We present the theoretical underpinnings of tournaments. We then connect the theory with three recent innovations—the power of the network, the wisdom of crowds, and the power of love—that ...

In evaluating an ongoing project to realise transaction services in the city state of Hamburg (Germany), this paper identifies the essential elements of an infrastructure for an e-government process portal and discusses how the findings could be generalised. Besides pressing ahead with standardisation and out-of-the-box approaches, research can make use of actornetwork theory to learn more abou...

Which electorates receive targeted funding, and does targeted funding swing votes? To answer these questions, I analyze four discretionary programs funded by the Australian federal government during the 2001–2004 election cycle. Controlling for relevant demographic characteristics of the electorate, those electorates held by the governing coalition received a larger share of discretionary fundi...

Information security has received a great deal of attention from a number of researchers (Dhillon and Backhouse, 2001). However, there has been little research aimed at understanding the dimensions—within the organizational context—of information security success. The current study considers a large body of information security literature and organizes the research based on their findings. This...