This paper is about discrete sensitivity analysis. A triangular bending element with constant moment and six degrees of freedom is used. The required derivatives for sensitivity analysis are calculated explicitly. These formulations, finite element method and sequential linear programming are utilized to find shape optimization of plate bending structures. The numerical examples, which show the...

the accuracy and efficiency of the elements proposed by finite element method (fem) considerably depend on the interpolating functions namely shape functions used to formulate the displacement field within the element. in the present study, novel functions, namely basic displacements functions (bdfs), are introduced and exploited for structural analysis of nanobeams using finite element method ...

This research introduces an advanced forging method to produce the door frame of the wind turbine tower. The advantage of the new forging method is the increase of raw material utilization ratio and the energy saving. In the conventional method, the door frame is hot forged with a hydraulic press and machined out lots of material because of the big difference between forging shape and final mac...

Generally, the finite element method is a powerful procedure for analysis of tall buildings. Yet, it should be noted that there are some problems in the application of many finite elements to the analysis of tall building structures. The presence of artificial flexure and parasitic shear effects in many lower order plane stress and membrane elements, cause the numerical procedure to converge in...

the aim of this study was to determine the effect of trenched zirconia bar on the von mises stress distribution of ips -empress ii core ceramics.the three-dimensional model including a three-unit bridge from the second premolar to the second molar was designed. the model was reinforced with zirconia bar (zb), zirconia bar with vertical trench (vzb) and zirconia bar with horizontal trench (hzb) ...

an interface part is used between clutch pedal and clutch cable in peugeot, samand, rd and peugeot pars. this part is consisted of two pieces. the main body is made of polyamide 6.6 and the second part is made of ck45.due to the fact that the two pieces are made of different assembling geometry with respect to each other, therefore, has caused performance problems which may result in clutch cab...

controversy exists regarding cavity preparation for restoration of interproximal caries in posterior teeth in terms of preserving the tooth structure and suitable stress distribution. this study aimed to assess the effect of extension and type of class ii cavities and the remaining tooth structure in maxillary premolars restored with composite resin on the biomechanical properties of teeth usin...

hydroforming process in one of the most effective production method, for improving the drawing ratio in sheet metal forming process. this is due to the fact that in hydroforming process, forming takes place using a punch which drives the part forward via a controlled fluid pressure. in this paper, deep drawing hydroforming for circular punch is investigated. different pressure paths are tested ...