Many intermediate program representations are used by compilers and other software development tools. In this paper, we propose a novel representation technique that, unlike those commonly used by compilers, has been explicitly designed for facilitating program element matching, a task at the heart of many software mining problems.

At the beginning stage of programming education, comprehending program logics plays a more important role than capturing knowledge of a specific program language. In this paper, the authors describe an outline of a visualization tool that animates the actions of a program by adding simple annotations to the variables defined in a program, and show several ideas to improve the usability of this ...

In this paper, we identify a fragment of second-order logic with restricted quantification that is expressive enough to capture numerous static analysis problems (e.g. safety proving, bug finding, termination and non-termination proving, superoptimisation). We call this fragment the synthesis fragment. Satisfiability of a formula in the synthesis fragment is decidable over finite domains; speci...

INTRODUCTION Receptiveness to change is one of the most important attributes of a programming system. There are obvious advantages associated with being responsive to changes in a system's environment without being required to essentially redesign the system. These environmental changes may take the form of variations in the functions to be performed by the system or in the applications to whic...

In Japan, as in the United States, the change from home to health care institution as the location of birth has been marked by depicting the obstetrician as having authoritative knowledge about birthing. The obstetrician's access to and control over specialized obstetrical technology reflect and legitimate his authoritative status. In Japan a prevailing cultural view of birth as a natural and h...

Systems Network Architecture (SNA) defines the behavior of networks of heterogeneous, loosely coupled processors. This paper describes the development of program-to-program communication services in SNA and introduces Advanced Program-to-Program Communication (APPC), the culmination of this development. It also discusses the use of APPC in the construction of distributed services and shows that...

to ealuate the effect of a physical exercise program on elderly's self-esteem, the smith questionnaire was administreed to 34 elderly males aged 60-75 years old. the group participated in a specially desined physical exercise program every morning for 30 days. each session lasted 30-45 minutes.results indicated the efficacy of the program in improving subjects' self-esteem. this was c...

This paper discusses the evaluation problem using observational data when the timing of treatment is an outcome of a stochastic process. We show that, without additional assumptions, it is not possible to estimate the average treatment effect and treatment on the treated. It is, however, possible to estimate the effect of treatment on the treated up to a certain time point. We propose an estima...

Neural program embeddings have shown much promise recently for a variety of program analysis tasks, including program synthesis, program repair, codecompletion, and fault localization. However, most existing program embeddings are based on syntactic features of programs, such as token sequences or abstract syntax trees. Unlike images and text, a program has well-defined semantics that can be di...

since cochlear implants can now be provided for children before the age of 1 year, the development of a family-centered habilitation program is essential for this age group. the present study was done to investigate the effectiveness of navayesh” auditory habilitation program on communication skills of cochlear implantation candidates. 32 mothers along with their 3-12 months deaf infants partic...