This paper describes how Test-Driven Development (TDD) can be conducted using formal specifications with appropriate tool support. In TDD, the test code is a formal documentation of the required behaviour of the component or system that is being developed, but this documentation is necessarily incomplete and often over-specific. We propose an alternative approach to TDD that is to develop the s...

Dear editor, the fecal occult blood test is the presently widely used screening laboratory test for colorectal cancer. At present, the test is usually based on an immunological diagnostic principle (1, 2). A false positive fecal occult blood is common and widely mentioned in literature. Nevertheless, the false negative is little mentioned in the paper. Here, the authors discuss the issue of the...

Software reliability growth models were used since long time to access the quality of the software which was developed. Past few decades several papers describes reliability growth phenomenon. As the time progress, the number of errors detection and correction also increases. A Large effort is required in testing to increases the rate of detection and correction of error to increase the reliabi...

The high-fidelity generalized method of cells micromechanics theory has been extended for the prediction of the effective property tensor and the corresponding local field distributions for composites whose constituents are governed by vector constitutive laws. As shown, the shear analogy, which can predict effective transverse properties, is not valid in the general three-dimensional case. Con...

We study the characteristics of learning with ensembles. Solving exactly the simple model of an ensemble of linear students, we find surprisingly rich behaviour. For learning in large ensembles, it is advantageous to use under-regularized students, which actually over-fit the training data. Globally optimal performance can be obtained by choosing the training set sizes of the students appropria...

Vegetation plays an important role in stabilizing the soil and decreasing fluvial erosion. In certain cases, vegetation increases the accumulation of fine sediments. Efficient and accurate methods are required for mapping and monitoring changes in the fluvial environment. Here, we develop an area-based approach for mapping and monitoring the vegetation structure along a river channel. First, a ...

This paper presents a case study on the application of cause effect graph for representing the college placement process. This paper begins with giving a brief overview of the college placement process which will serve as the basis for developing the cause effect graph and the decision table for the same in a systematic manner. Finally, it concludes with the design of test cases thus giving a c...

We present a study that indicates that singing voice detection – the problem of identifying those parts of a polyphonic audio recording where one or several persons sing(s) – can be realised with substantially fewer (and less expensive) features than used in current state-of-the-art methods. Essentially, we show that MFCCs alone, if appropriately optimised and used with a suitable classifier, a...