In 1990, John Perry Barlow described the Internet as the “electronic frontier”, a new world “unspoiled, self-governing and best left to inhabitants to run as they pleas[e].” Utopian visions of the Internet, like Barlow’s, saw this new technology as a way to connect people like never before, and the potential to start new societies beyond the control of government and the confines of territorial...

In many territorial species androgens respond to social interactions. This response has been interpreted as a mechanism for adjusting aggressive motivation to a changing social environment. Therefore, it would be adaptive to anticipate social challenges and reacting to their clues with an anticipatory androgen response to adjust agonistic motivation to an imminent social challenge. Here we test...

OBJECTIVE The Joint Working Group on First Nations, Indian, Inuit, and Métis Infant Mortality of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System is a collaboration of national Aboriginal organizations and federal and provincial/territorial stakeholders. Our objective was to better understand what is currently known about Aboriginal infant mortality rates (IMR) in Canada. METHODS As part of a large...

In territorial species, the distribution of neighbours and food abundance play a crucial role in space use patterns but less is known about how and when neighbours use shared areas in non-territorial species. We investigated space partitioning in 10 groups of wild, non-territorial mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei). Using location data, we examined factors influencing daily movement ...

The increasing smarteness of personal devices and territories are rapidly changing the scenarios of data production. Data access and/or data possession can determine positions of privilege, but the real competitive advantage will derive more and more from the ability to identify relevant dimensions and flows and, of course, from that to extract meaningful multidimensional descriptions aimed at ...

the group size and behavior of goitered gazelle was studied over the year 2001 in kalmand-bahadoran protected area. gazelle groups showed no stable organization in kalmand protected area. in spring season, group size was smaller than other seasons and the largest groups were seen in winter. number of solitary gazelles increased during the mating season. adult males were territorial in mating se...

On March 23, 1942, the organization we know today as ASTHO, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, was officially “born.” Well before 1942, however, state and territorial health officials convened to network, discuss public health priorities, exchange information, and advocate for the work of governmental public health. Historical reports show that as early as 1879, the indi...

Preliminary results from the survey of golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Northern Dalmatia are presented. We used broadcasted jackal howls and monitored the response to determine the presence of jackal territorial groups. 19 jackal territorial groups were recorded in the NW part of Ravni kotari and 2 on Vir Island. The presence of territorial jackals on Pag Island could not be confirmed. For Rav...

In Africa, the management of border disputes varies from sub-region to subregion. Most puzzling is the difference between West Africa and the Horn of Africa. In the latter, border disputes are much more likely to escalate into war than in the former. Seeking to solve this puzzle, this study focuses on the territorial integrity norm. It departs from existing accounts of this norm in two ways: fi...

The brain controls reproduction in response to relevant external and internal cues. Central to this process in vertebrates is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH1) produced in neurons of the hypothalamic-preoptic area (POA). GnRH1 released from the POA stimulates pituitary release of gonadotropins, which in males causes sperm production and concomitant steroid hormone release from the testes. ...