We examined the effects of retrieval practice for students who varied in working memory capacity as a function of the lag between study of material and its initial test, whether or not feedback was given after the test, and the retention interval of the final test. We sought to determine whether a blend of these conditions exists that maximises benefits from retrieval practice for lower and hig...

Obtaining temperature distribution data of slabs under rolling is essential as the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the metal under this process vary with temperature. Using the control volume method, a mathematical model is employed in this study to predict slab temperature in the hot roll process at Mobarakeh Steel Company. The effects of different parameters including the heat resu...

This study investigated the role of strategy instruction and working memory capacity (WMC) on problem solving solution accuracy in children with and without math disabilities (MD). Children in grade 3 (N = 204) with and without MD subdivided into high and low WMC were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions: verbal strategies (e.g., underlining question sentence), visual strategies (e.g., correc...

If, as suggested, creative (insight) problem solving is less systematic and employs less planning than analytical problem solving, the former requires substantially less working memory (WM) than the latter. Subjects simultaneously solved problems and counted auditory stimuli (concurrent WM task), in response to which ERPs were recorded. Counting disrupted analytical, but not creative performanc...

In the present article, we examine the contribution of working memory (WM) to solution of the nine-dot problem, a classic insight problem. Prior research has generally demonstrated a limited role for WM in the solution of insight problems, which are typically assumed to be solved without conscious planning. However, MacGregor, Ormerod, and Chronicle (2001) proposed an information-processing mod...

−Five pretreatment methods, namely chemical, acid, heat-shock, freezing and thawing, and base, were evaluated for the enrichment of hydrogen-producing bacteria in anaerobic granulated sludge, which will be subsequently used as seed in biological hydrogen production. All the pretreatments showed positive effects towards improving hydrogen (H 2 ) generation by the microbial population with higher...

Selective attention mechanisms allow us to focus on information that is relevant to the current behavior and, equally important, ignore irrelevant information. An influential model proposes that oscillatory neural activity in the alpha band serves as an active functional inhibitory mechanism. Recent studies have shown that, in the same way that attention can be selectively oriented to bias sens...

In long-term memory, negative information is better remembered than neutral information. Differences in processes important to working memory may contribute to this emotional memory enhancement. To examine the effect that the emotional content of stimuli has on working memory performance, the authors asked participants to perform working memory tasks with negative and neutral stimuli. Task accu...

An important part of the systems development process is building models of real-world phenomena. These phenomena are described by many different kinds of information, and this diversity has resulted in a wide variety of modelling representations. Different types of information are better expressed by some representations than others, so it is sensible to use multiple representations to describe...

With the advent of social applications, the question arises of how organizations can utilize such technology for improving task performance. While social applications certainly bear the potential to trigger the development of radically new business models and business processes, we seek to study how the enrichment of IT-based routine work (simple tasks) by complementing social features (audienc...