BACKGROUND The incidence of neonatal stroke in full-term infants has been cautiously estimated as 1:10,000, but infants can initially have few symptoms, and the condition has the potential for underdiagnosis. Follow-up studies of known full-term neonatal stroke victims beyond 3 years of age indicate that most develop some form of hemiparesis, seizure disorder, cognitive difficulties, or develop...

Background Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is often accompanied by a deficit in midline facial development; however, congenital oropharyngeal stenosis in neonates with HPE has not been reported before. We describe a case of a neonate with prenatally diagnosed semilobar HPE accompanied by congenital oropharyngeal stenosis. Case Report The patient was born at 39 weeks of gestation and developed dyspnea s...

Acute appendicitis is a common occurrence in childhood, but this diagnosis is considered rarely in differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in the neonatal period because its occurrence is very rare in neonates. We report a 20-day- old afghan female baby that was admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, because of irritability and abdominal distension. Complete ultrasound of abdomen and pelvis ...

Intracranial hemorrhage is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonate. Subgaleal, subdural, subarachnoid, and intraventricular hemorrhage have varying pathophysiology, but each can have serious long-term consequences. This article reviews the pathophysiology, presentation, and outcomes for intracranial hemorrhage in the newborn, as well as potential therapeutic interventions.

Spontaneous pneumothorax is a recognised cause of respiratory distress in the neonatal period. Spontaneous pneumothorax occurring during the neonatal period in a term neonate is rare. We report a case of symptomatic spontaneous pneumothorax associated with congenital heart disease which needed intercostal drainage and mechanical ventilation in our NICU unit.

A full term male neonate presented with stridor and respiratory distress at birth. Direct laryngoscopy after tracheostomy and patient stabilization revealed a subglottic web with a very small hole at 6 o'clock position. The patient was managed by cauterization of web using Bugbee electrode with resultant normal lumen post operatively.

We report a case of severe pulmonary hypertension in a neonate associated with impaired alveolarisation and plexiform pulmonary arteriopathy. Treatment with oral sildenafil in addition to inhaled nitric oxide (NO) resulted in recovery from the pulmonary hypertensive crisis. Long term sildenafil therapy was associated with complete resolution of the pulmonary hypertension.

We report nasopharyngeal teratoma in a term female neonate, that presented within first week of life with episodic stridor, apnea and cyanosis. Laryngoscopy revealed a mass which was confirmed by MRI. The mass was surgically excised and diagnosed as nasopharyngeal teratoma on histopathology. The child is doing well on follow-up.

CONTEXT Newborns may present a range of motor phenomena that are not epileptic in nature. Chin tremor is an unusual movement disorder that typically starts in early childhood and may be precipitated by stress and emotion. Its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. CASE REPORT We describe a full-term newborn that, immediately after neonatal anoxia, presented body and chin tremors that ...