Thermocouples are the most frequently used sensors for temperature measurement because of their wide applicability, long-term stability and high reliability. However, one of the major utilization problems is the linearization of the transfer relation between temperature and output voltage of thermocouples. The linear calibration equation and its modules could be improved by using regression ana...

During the last 10 years, research in light-pipe radiation thermometry has significantly reduced the uncertainties for temperature measurements in semiconductor processing. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has improved the calibration of lightpipe radiation thermometers (LPRTs), the characterization procedures for LPRTs, the in situ calibration of LPRTs using thin-film ...

One-point, Linear, Hyperbolic and Polynomial calibration approaches were adopted to elucidate the quantitative effectiveness of standard solutions of 10 to 800 ng/mL secobarbital by comparing theoretical and observed concentrations. Different concentrations of internal standard(IS), 50 and 200 ng/mL, were added to standard solutions for comparison purpose. Two GC column temperature programs, a ...

The predicted infrared brightness temperature of Mars using the 1976 model of Wright is tabulated here for the period 1983 to 2103. This model was developed for far-infrared calibration, and is still being used for JCMT calibration. Subject headings: Mars, infrared

Ammonia inversion lines are often used as probes of the physical conditions in the dense ISM. The excitation temperature between the first two para metastable (rotational) levels is an excellent probe of the gas kinetic temperature. However, the calibration of this ammonia thermometer depends on the accuracy of the collisional rates with H2. Here we present new collisional rates for ortho-NH3 a...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US) is used in planning and treatment during external beam radiotherapy. The accuracy of the technique depends not only on the achievable image quality in clinical routine, but also on technical limitations of achievable precision during calibration. Refraction of ultrasound waves is a known source for geometric distortion, but such an effect was not ...

A summary of the development of a method of measuring fluid temperature with a laser is presented. The method is based on molecular tagging velocimetry (MTV), an established technique of obtaining spatiallyresolved fluid velocity profiles by analysis of laserinduced molecular phosphorescence emitted by photoluminescent chemicals. In aqueous solutions the intensity of the phosphorescent emission...