[1] The impact of oceanic observing systems, external radiative forcings due to greenhouse gas and natural aerosol (GHGNA), and oceanic initial conditions on long time variability of oceanic heat content and salinity is assessed by the assimilation of oceanic ‘‘observations’’ in the context of a ‘‘perfect’’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report model. According to t...

In the present research, vibrational behavior of anisotropic protein microtubules (MTs) immersed in cytosol via Cooper–Naghdi shell model is investigated. MTs are hollow cylindrical structures in the eukaryotic cytoskeleton which surrounded by filament network. The temperature effect on vibration frequency is also taken into account by assuming temperature-dependent material properties for MTs....

Soil nitrogen (N) mineralization in wetlands is sensitive to various environmental factors. To compare the effects of salinity and temperature on N mineralization, wetland soils from a tidal freshwater marsh locating in the Yellow River Delta was incubated over a 48-d anaerobic incubation period under four salinity concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 35‰) and four temperature levels (10, 20, 30 and 4...

This study simulated outdoor environmental living conditions and observed the growth rates and changes of several photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Car, PE, and PC) in Hypnea cervicornis J. Agardh (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) by setting up different ranges of salinity (25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50) and temperature (15, 20, 25, and 30°C). At conditions of culture, the results are as follows. (1) Chang...

A new species of Convolutriloba Hendelberg & Åkesson, 1988, collected from an aquarium in Marietta, Georgia, USA, and cultured at the University of Georgia comprises exceptionally large individuals, up to 10 mm in length. Like other members of the genus, Convolutriloba macropyga sp. nov. reproduces asexually and possesses symbiotic zoochlorellae, but it also routinely reproduces sexually, layin...

The behavioural patterns and their circadian rhythms may be adaptive to the peculiar environmental conditions of subtropical brackish waters where Bathygobius soporator Valenciennes, 1837 live. Adult fish were caught at the southern Brazilian coast from mangrove rivers and rocky shores in a bay, where temperature and water salinity vary during the day and through the year. Observation on the be...

Embryonic development and morphological characteristics of Japanese devil stinger Inimicus japonicus during early life stage were investigated. Larvae were hatched out 50 h after fertilization at temperature 21°C. Total length of the newly hatched larva was 4.03 mm, the mouth of the larva opened at 3 days after hatching (DAH), and the yolk sac of the larva disappeared at 5 DAH. After hatching, ...

the δ18o, δ13c, and strontium/calcium (sr/ca)-record was measured from a 7-year old platygyrasinensis coral located offshore larak island in the persian gulf at a resolution of 22 samples/year. an increasedsampling resolution of 55 samples/year over two annual cycles was also compared with the 22 sampleresolution to evaluate the effectiveness of the sampling procedure. the resulting data exhibi...