A convenient, rapid, and one-pot method for the synthesis of azo dyes has been developed. In this protocol, diazotization reagent (ArN2+ -CrO3–SiO2) was prepared via grinding of aromatic amines, NaNO2, wet SiO2 and nano silica chromic acid (Nano-SCA) without solvent at room temperature. The obtained diazotization reagent was suff...

The purpose of this research work was to investigate the optimum operating conditions for biodiesel production from castor oil using a microwave. The Box–Behnken design of experiment was carried out using the Design Expert 7. A response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze the influence of the process variables (molar ratio of methanol to castor oil, catalyst concentration, reaction ti...

5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa) is currently prepared by electrochemical reduction of 5-nitrosalicylic acid (5-nsa) in acidic media. in this work, electrolytic reduction of 5-nsa in alkaline media is presented. reactionconditions and parameters such as anode and cathode electrodes, electrolyte type, reaction time, temperature,current, and the ph for isolation of product are investigated. the yiel...

The catalytic reduction of sulfur dioxide with methane to form elemental sulfur has been studied. Al2O3, Cu-Al2O3 and Ni-Al2O3 were examined as catalysts and their performances were compared in terms of SO2 conversion and selectivity. Performance of the catalyst extremely enhanced when nickel and copper were added as promoters. The effects of temperature, SO2/CH4 molar ratio, and reaction...

Mechanically Activated Self-propagating High temperature Synthesis (MASHS) is the method which is used to promote self-propagating synthesis by increasing activity of reactants and increase the purity of products. In this study Ti 2 AlC and Ti3AlC2 max phases were synthesized by using mechanically activated self-propagating high temperature synthesis (MASHS) and samples reactivity and phase str...

[2,2'-Bipyridine]-1,1'-diium tricyanomethanide {[2,2'-BPyH][C(CN)3]2} as a bifunctional nanostructured ionic liquid catalyst (0.5 mol%) was used for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes (14 examples) under solvent-free condition at room temperature in high yield (82-91%) and short reaction time. In addition, the described ionic liquid catalyst was also applied for the synthesis of bis...

pure azo schiff bases were readily and conveniently accessible in high yields by mixing of the reagents either as aqueous slurry, or by grinding at room temperature. this method, unlike a classical method, needs neither harsh conditions nor organic solvents. the satisfactory results were obtained with excellent yields, short reaction time, and operational simplicity in the experimental procedur...

the silica boron sulfuric acid nanoparticles (sbsans) as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst with both brønsted and lewis acidic sites catalyzed the preparation of bis-4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives using reaction of aldehydes and 4-hydroxycoumarin under mild and solvent-free condition at room temperature. this new and efficient methodology has advantages in comparison with currently ...

Two polypyridyl copper(II) complexes, [Cu(phen)(phen-dione)Cl]Cl (1) and [Cu(bpy) (phen-dione)Cl]Cl (2), (where Phen =1,10-phenanthroline, bpy =2,2'-bipyridine and Phen-dione = 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione), were used as efficient catalysts for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. The effects of various parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, etc. were studied. The ...